Abstract A 3D simulation of optical photogenreation, electrical characteristics, and thermal/heat distribution across the structure of a perovskite solar cell with a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) contact is presented. COMSOL Multiphysics package has been used to solve the coupled optical-electrical-thermal modules for this hybrid cell where the RGO added as the bottom electrode instead of a conventional metallic contact to enhance the heat dissipation towards a higher device stability. The Wave Optic module, Semiconductor module, and Heat Transfer in Solid module were coupled and solved for the proper input parameter values taken from relevant literature. The optical photogeneration, current-voltage characteristics, electric-field and the thermal maps of the cell are presented. The RGO contact doesn’t significantly impact on the optical and electrical output of the cell, but it accelerates the heat dissipation. The heat is mainly generated across the cell from the light absorption, Shockley-Read-Hall non-radiative recombination, and Joule heating. Compared to the cell with the Au electrode, the RGO contacted cell is showing a minimized heat accumulation and gradient at the bottom junction of the RGO/Spiro interface which promises a thermal stability of the cell. The nan-radiative and joule heat distribution also show a moderated density for the RGO contacted cell which are assigned to the high heat conductivity of the RGO layer compared to traditional metallic electrodes. Our simulations results are of the rarely presented thermal simulations for such devices and prove the superiority of graphene over plane metallic contacts for heat dissipation and thermodynamic aspect of a solar cell.

中文翻译：

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使用 COMSOL 对 RGO 接触钙钛矿太阳能电池中的热量分布进行数值模拟

摘要介绍了具有还原氧化石墨烯 (RGO) 触点的钙钛矿太阳能电池结构中的光学光生生成、电学特性和热/热分布的 3D 模拟。COMSOL Multiphysics 软件包已被用于解决该混合电池的光电-热耦合模块，其中添加了 RGO 作为底部电极而不是传统的金属触点，以增强散热，从而实现更高的设备稳定性。波动光学模块、半导体模块和固体传热模块被耦合并求解，以获取从相关文献中获取的正确输入参数值。介绍了电池的光学光生成、电流-电压特性、电场和热图。RGO 触点对电池的光输出和电输出没有显着影响，但会加速散热。热量主要通过光吸收、肖克利-雷德-霍尔非辐射复合和焦耳加热在整个电池中产生。与具有 Au 电极的电池相比，RGO 接触电池在 RGO/Spiro 界面的底部结处显示出最小的热量积累和梯度，这保证了电池的热稳定性。纳米辐射和焦耳热分布也显示出与传统金属电极相比，RGO 接触电池的密度适中，这归因于 RGO 层的高热导率。