Epoxy resin (EP) composites with improved flame retardancy were fabricated. To solve the problem of the large addition of phosphazene flame retardants, we designed a system based on phosphorus–nitrogen–silicon synergistic flame-retardant Si(H) microcapsules with silica as the shell and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene as the core. Si(H)/EP composites were manufactured with two coupling agents to promote interactions. In cone calorimetric tests, heat and gas releases of Si(H)/EP composites were reduced, and fire hazard was minimized. Residual analysis indicated the strong rigidity and mechanical robustness. The mechanism included phosphorus quenching effect and nitrogenous diluting effect of flame inhibition effect in gas phase, and phosphorus charring effect and silicic barrier and protective effect in solid phase. This research provides an effective flame-retardant method for EP composites with a low additive content.

制备了具有改善的阻燃性的环氧树脂（EP）复合材料。为了解决大量添加磷腈阻燃剂的问题，我们设计了一种基于磷-氮-硅协同阻燃Si（H）微胶囊的系统，其中二氧化硅为壳，六苯氧基环三磷腈为核心。Si（H）/ EP复合材料是用两种偶联剂制造的，以促进相互作用。在锥形量热测试中，减少了Si（H）/ EP复合材料的热量和气体释放，并最大程度地降低了火灾隐患。残余分析表明其强刚性和机械坚固性。其机理包括气相的抑磷作用，磷的猝灭作用和氮的稀释作用；固相的磷化炭作用，硅质阻挡层和保护作用。