Altered cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. Metabolic rewiring in cancer cells occurs due to the activation of oncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, and/or other adaptive changes in cell signaling pathways. Furthermore, altered metabolism is also reported in tumor-corrupted stromal cells as a result of their interaction with cancer cells or due to their adaptation in the dynamic tumor microenvironment. Metabolic alterations are associated with dysregulation of metabolic enzymes and tumor-stromal metabolic crosstalk is vital for the progressive malignant journey of the tumor cells. Therefore, several therapies targeting metabolic enzymes have been evaluated and/or are being investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, we discuss some important metabolic enzymes that are altered in tumor and/or stromal cells, and focus on their role in supporting tumor growth. Moreover, we also discuss studies carried out in various cancers to target these metabolic abnormalities for therapeutic exploitation.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤和基质细胞中代谢酶的失调：在肿瘤发生和治疗机会中的作用。

细胞代谢改变是癌症的标志。由于癌基因的激活，肿瘤抑制基因的失活和/或细胞信号通路中的其他适应性变化，导致癌细胞中的代谢重新连接。此外，由于其与癌细胞的相互作用或由于其在动态肿瘤微环境中的适应性，还报道了在肿瘤受损的基质细胞中代谢发生了改变。代谢改变与代谢酶的失调有关，肿瘤间的代谢串扰对于肿瘤细胞的恶性进展至关重要。因此，在临床前和临床研究中已经评估和/或正在研究靶向代谢酶的几种疗法。在这篇评论中 我们讨论了一些在肿瘤和/或基质细胞中发生改变的重要代谢酶，并着重介绍了它们在支持肿瘤生长中的作用。此外，我们还讨论了针对这些代谢异常进行各种癌症治疗研究的研究。