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Deforestation in protect areas in the Amazon: a threat to biodiversity
Biodiversity and Conservation ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-16 , DOI: 10.1007/s10531-019-01867-9
Paula Fernanda Pinheiro Ribeiro Paiva , Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro Ruivo , Orleno Marques da Silva Júnior , Maria de Nazaré Martins Maciel , Thais Gleice Martins Braga , Milena Marília Nogueira de Andrade , Paulo Cerqueira dos Santos Junior , Eduardo Saraiva da Rocha , Tatiana Pará Monteiro de Freitas , Tabilla Verena da Silva Leite , Luana Helena Oliveira Monteiro Gama , Leonardo de Sousa Santos , Mayara Gomes da Silva , Ewelyn Regina Rocha Silva , Bruno Monteiro Ferreira

Abstract

The creation of protected areas (Protected Areas—CA and Indigenous Lands—IL) is one of the effective strategies to contain deforestation, and landscape fragmentation and conserve biodiversity. However, several such areas in the Amazon suffer from anthropogenic pressures which prevent the fulfilment of their purpose. The objective of this study is to analyze the use and vegetation cover in four protected areas in the Amazon in the state of Maranhão by showing the threats to biodiversity by means of digital processing of satellite images in 1984, 1996, 2008 and 2017. Images from the Landsat satellites 5 and 8 were used for supervised classification and identification of deforestation in these areas. The results obtained in 1984 show a predominance of the forest class in the studied area, where the ILs Caru and Alto Turiaçu stand out for presenting excellent preservation in that year. As of 2008, changes related to deforestation and the presence of secondary vegetation and occurrence of fires in the area studied were observed. In this case, the changes resulting from urban and farming expansion, and infrastructure projects (roads, highways, dams and land division), mining, illegal logging, cattle raising, among others, are easily identified by satellite images. The Indigenous Lands and Strict Nature Reserve of Gurupi are connected, representing the best and the most homogeneous Amazonian biome in Maranhão. The study concludes that of the remaining vegetation, 76.41% is within the protected areas, represented mainly in the analyzed indigenous lands. So, this study highlights that although protected areas are being constantly deforested, invaded and criminally burned, these are still the best way of preserving the biodiversity of the last remnant of the Biome in the region, and its protection is necessary for the conservation of its biological resources and vegetation cover.



中文翻译:

亚马逊保护区的森林砍伐:对生物多样性的威胁

摘要

建立保护区(保护区,CA和土著土地,IL)是遏制森林砍伐,景观破碎化和保护生物多样性的有效策略之一。但是,亚马逊地区的一些此类地区遭受人为压力,无法实现其目标。这项研究的目的是通过对1984年,1996年,2008年和2017年的卫星图像进行数字处理,以显示对生物多样性的威胁,从而分析马拉尼昂州四个亚马逊保护区的利用和植被覆盖。 Landsat卫星5和8被用于对这些地区的森林砍伐进行监督分类和识别。1984年获得的结果表明,在所研究的地区,森林等级占主导地位,ILs Caru和AltoTuriaçu在那年表现出色,因此脱颖而出。截至2008年,在该地区观察到与森林砍伐,次生植被的存在和火灾的发生有关的变化。在这种情况下,可以通过卫星图像轻松识别由于城市和农业扩张以及基础设施项目(道路,公路,水坝和土地分割),采矿,非法伐木,养牛等引起的变化。古鲁皮的土著土地和严格的自然保护区相连,代表了马拉尼昂岛上最好,最同质的亚马逊生物群落。研究得出的结论是,在剩余的植被中,有76.41%位于保护区之内,主要表现在所分析的土著土地上。所以,

更新日期:2020-01-06
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