Abstract Development of lightweight porous structure with high compressibility and mechanical durability is in great demand to promote graphene-based materials from fundamental research to engineering applications. In this study, graphene oxide (GO)-based sponges with hierarchical porous structures were synthesized by a simple freeze-drying method. By controlling and optimizing their structures, the lightweight GO-based sponges can offer excellent structural integrity even after being compressed at 95% strain, indicating the extremely high compressibility. The outstanding mechanical durability were also demonstrated by cyclic compression testing at 50% strain for 10,000 cycles. Considering the severe dye pollution problem, the sponges were investigated for methylene blue adsorption. It was found that the sponges with high selectivity during adsorption can have the maximum adsorption capacity up to 476 mg g−1. More importantly, the sponges were demonstrated with extraordinary recyclability along with a very simple recycling process and also high recycling efficiency (above 86% after the 10th cycle). It was experimentally demonstrated that if their morphological structures are carefully designed and optimized, the GO-based porous structures can exhibit the ensemble of outstanding compressibility and durability, and equally importantly the excellent adsorption performance. Therefore, it could show great promise of such nanomaterial-based sponges as excellent adsorbents for wastewater purification.

中文翻译：

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具有高压缩性和耐久性的轻质氧化石墨烯海绵用于染料吸附

摘要 开发具有高压缩性和机械耐久性的轻质多孔结构是推动石墨烯基材料从基础研究到工程应用的迫切需求。在这项研究中，通过简单的冷冻干燥方法合成了具有分级多孔结构的氧化石墨烯（GO）基海绵。通过控制和优化其结构，轻质 GO 基海绵即使在 95% 的应变下也能提供出色的结构完整性，表明具有极高的可压缩性。在 50% 应变下进行 10,000 次循环的循环压缩测试也证明了出色的机械耐久性。考虑到严重的染料污染问题，研究了海绵的亚甲基蓝吸附。发现在吸附过程中具有高选择性的海绵可以具有高达 476 mg g-1 的最大吸附容量。更重要的是，这些海绵具有非凡的可回收性、非常简单的回收过程和高回收效率（第 10 次循环后超过 86%）。实验证明，如果对它们的形态结构进行精心设计和优化，GO 基多孔结构可以表现出优异的可压缩性和耐用性，同样重要的是具有出色的吸附性能。因此，它可以显示出这种基于纳米材料的海绵作为用于废水净化的优良吸附剂的巨大前景。海绵被证明具有非凡的可回收性、非常简单的回收过程和高回收效率（第 10 次循环后超过 86%）。实验证明，如果对它们的形态结构进行精心设计和优化，GO 基多孔结构可以表现出优异的可压缩性和耐用性，同样重要的是具有出色的吸附性能。因此，它可以显示出这种基于纳米材料的海绵作为用于废水净化的优良吸附剂的巨大前景。海绵被证明具有非凡的可回收性、非常简单的回收过程和高回收效率（第 10 次循环后超过 86%）。实验证明，如果对它们的形态结构进行精心设计和优化，GO 基多孔结构可以表现出优异的可压缩性和耐用性，同样重要的是具有出色的吸附性能。因此，它可以显示出这种基于纳米材料的海绵作为用于废水净化的优良吸附剂的巨大前景。基于 GO 的多孔结构可以表现出出色的可压缩性和耐用性，同样重要的是出色的吸附性能。因此，它可以显示出这种基于纳米材料的海绵作为用于废水净化的优良吸附剂的巨大前景。基于 GO 的多孔结构可以表现出出色的可压缩性和耐用性，同样重要的是出色的吸附性能。因此，它可以显示出这种基于纳米材料的海绵作为用于废水净化的优良吸附剂的巨大前景。