In Sicily, small differences exist between wild and cultivated rosemary biotypes; VOCs and genetic profiles may be a useful tool to distinguish them. A germplasm collection of Rosmarinus officinalis L. was harvested from 15 locations in Sicily. Eleven wild and four cultivated populations were collected and, due to the surveyed area covered, they can be considered as a representative panel of Sicilian genetic background of the species. Ex situ plant collection was transferred to the field cultivation in homogeneous conditions for characterizing through a multidisciplinary approach. The study included morphological traits observations (growth habitus, flower color, number and size of leaves, length and number of internodes), VOC profiles using HS-SPME, genome size by flow cytometry analysis, and genetic characterization by means of DNA and nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) investigation. To detect any pattern within- and among-populations variability, all morphological and chemical data were submitted to ANOVA, while clustering and structure population analysis were carried out using genetic profiles. The present work allowed us to distinguish rather well between wild and cultivated genotypes and to underline the biodiversity richness among rosemary Sicilian germplasm, never highlighted, useful for future breeding programs addressed to exploit this important resource.

中文翻译：

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通过多学科方法表征西西里迷迭香 (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) 种质

在西西里，野生和栽培的迷迭香生物型之间存在微小差异；VOC 和基因图谱可能是区分它们的有用工具。从西西里岛的 15 个地点收获了迷迭香的种质资源。收集了 11 个野生种群和 4 个栽培种群，由于覆盖的调查区域，它们可以被视为该物种西西里遗传背景的代表性面板。异地植物采集转移到均质条件下的田间栽培中，以通过多学科方法进行表征。该研究包括形态特征观察（生长习性、花色、叶子的数量和大小、节间的长度和数量）、使用 HS-SPME 的 VOC 谱、流式细胞术分析的基因组大小、通过 DNA 和核微卫星 (nSSR) 调查进行遗传表征。为了检测种群内和种群间变异的任何模式，所有形态和化学数据都提交给方差分析，同时使用遗传谱进行聚类和结构种群分析。目前的工作使我们能够很好地区分野生和栽培基因型，并强调迷迭香西西里种质中的生物多样性丰富性，从未强调过，对未来旨在利用这一重要资源的育种计划有用。