Abstract In bone surgery, drilling of bone without causing severe damage to tissue is a critical procedure. Particularly for skull, spine, and special kinds of orthopedic surgeries, the process of bone drilling requires high accuracy and precision since excessive drill protrusion can cause damage to nerves, blood vessels, and nearby organs. To enhance safety of drilling, a new breakthrough detection technique that does not require the installation of a sensor for force or torque measurement is proposed. This technique relies only on the measurement of current flowing through the motor of an electric drill to monitor drilling progress. By measuring the amount of current while executing stepwise drilling and applying a hysteresis thresholding algorithm, the breakthrough event can be effectively identified in real-time. Experimental tests of a drill prototype utilizing this scheme showed that breakthrough could be consistently detected. This prevents over drilling, enabling reliable drilling operation which can minimize tissue damage.

中文翻译：

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无传感器逐步突破检测技术，用于安全的骨外科钻孔

摘要 在骨外科手术中，在不对组织造成严重损伤的情况下钻孔是一项关键手术。尤其是颅骨、脊柱和特殊类型的骨科手术，骨钻的过程需要很高的精度和精度，因为钻头过度突出会导致神经、血管和附近器官的损伤。为了提高钻井的安全性，提出了一种不需要安装传感器进行力或扭矩测量的突破性检测技术。该技术仅依靠测量流经电钻电机的电流来监控钻孔进度。通过在执行逐步钻孔时测量电流量并应用滞后阈值算法，可以有效地实时识别突破事件。使用该方案的钻机原型的实验测试表明，可以始终如一地检测到突破。这可以防止过度钻孔，从而实现可靠的钻孔操作，从而最大限度地减少组织损伤。