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Medicinal plant volatiles applied against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita
Crop Protection ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2019.105057
Marcela de Freitas Silva , Vicente Paulo Campos , Aline Ferreira Barros , Julio Carlos Pereira da Silva , Márcio Pozzobon Pedroso , Fabíola de Jesus Silva , Vanessa Alves Gomes , Júlio César Justino

Abstract Despite several works revealing different plant species producing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) toxic to plant-parasitic nematodes, nematicidal activities of VOCs are poorly investigated in medicinal species. Therefore, this work focused on exploring the activities of VOC emitted from medicinal plant leaves against the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita. By in vitro assays, leaves of thirteen medicinal species emitted VOCs that significantly immobilize the second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. incognita, although only VOCs from Cymbopogon nardus and Dysphania ambrosioides killed more than 40% of J2. Thereafter, water exposed to VOCs from C. nardus or D. ambrosioides immobilized 46% and 79% of the J2, respectively. The galls and eggs of RKN were significantly reduced in tomato plants when the J2 were previously exposed to VOCs from C. nardus and D. ambrosioide at a concentration of 1.5% (w/w). Soil biofumigation using C. nardus and D. ambrosioides reduced the number of galls by 19% and 37%, respectively, by applying 2.4 g (2%) of macerates and reduced 80% the number of eggs by applying 9.6 (8.0%). The GC-MS identified compounds previously described as nematicidal compounds from both C. nardus and D. ambrosioides. The compounds ascaridole and citronellal, intensely emitted from D. ambrosioides and C. nardus, respectively, have already been described as toxic to RKN. However, isopulegol, dodecane and α-ionone from their volatilomes did not exhibit nematicidal effects. Nonetheless, D. ambrosioides and C. nardus produce VOCs toxic to RKN and should be exploited as biofumigant plants. Furthermore, nematicidal VOCs may represent new options for commercial products.

中文翻译:

药用植物挥发物防治根结线虫南方根结线虫

摘要 尽管有几项工作揭示了不同的植物物种会产生对植物寄生线虫有毒的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC),但在药用物种中对 VOC 的杀线虫活性的研究很少。因此,这项工作的重点是探索药用植物叶片释放的 VOC 对根结线虫 (RKN) 南方根结线虫的活性。通过体外分析,13 种药用物种的叶子释放出的 VOC 显着固定了南方紫菜的第二阶段幼虫 (J2),尽管只有来自香茅和 Dysphania ambrosioides 的 VOC 杀死了超过 40% 的 J2。此后,暴露于来自 C. nardus 或 D. Ambrosioides 的 VOC 的水分别固定了 46% 和 79% 的 J2。当 J2 之前暴露于来自 C. nardus 和 D. Ambrosioide 的浓度为 1.5% (w/w) 的 VOC 时,番茄植株中 RKN 的瘿和卵显着减少。使用 C. nardus 和 D. Ambrosioides 进行土壤生物熏蒸,通过应用 2.4 克 (2%) 的浸渍液,分别减少了 19% 和 37% 的虫瘿数量,通过应用 9.6 (8.0%) 减少了 80% 的鸡蛋数量。GC-MS 鉴定了先前描述为来自 C.nardus 和 D.ambrosioides 的杀线虫化合物的化合物。分别从 D. ambrosioides 和 C. nardus 强烈释放的化合物蛔虫和香茅醛已被描述为对 RKN 有毒。然而,来自其挥发物的异胡薄荷醇、十二烷和 α-紫罗兰酮没有表现出杀线虫作用。尽管如此,D. Ambrosioides 和 C. nardus 产生对 RKN 有毒的 VOC,应作为生物熏蒸植物加以利用。此外,杀线虫 VOC 可能代表商业产品的新选择。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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