Abstract Pest regulation in agroforestry systems (AFS) is beginning to be well-recognized, but the mechanisms implied in the interaction network between the environment, pests and predators in AFS are still not well-described. The aim of this work is to understand how plant diversity associated with AFS regulates the coffee berry borer (CBB) taking into account a tripartite interaction network: pest–predator–environment. It further seeks to understand how farmers' management practices can modify the regulating network. Using field data from coffee-based AFS and structural equation modeling, we assessed the effects of environmental conditions (% shade cover, tree area surface, coffee density) and farm management (conventional, integrated, organic) on (1) ant predatory groups, (2) the abundance and the damage from CBB and (3) their interactions. Percentage of shade cover was positively correlated to CBB initial infestation (through direct effect) and negatively through its effect on coffee phenology. A higher percentage of shade is also negatively related to damage intensity. Farmers’ practices significantly reduced the CBB population without considerable side effects on the ant predatory group, probably due to the high plant diversity within these farms. The abundance of the most diversified ant predatory group has a top-down effect on the peak of the CBB infestation rate. Our approach appears promising for a better understanding of the complex regulating network in coffee AFS and confirms the importance of an integrated management strategy to reduce CBB damage.

中文翻译：

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农林业系统中咖啡浆果螟（Hypothenemus hampei）的害虫调节网络

摘要 农林业系统（AFS）中的害虫调控开始得到广泛认可，但 AFS 中环境、害虫和捕食者之间的相互作用网络所隐含的机制仍未得到很好的描述。这项工作的目的是了解与 AFS 相关的植物多样性如何调节咖啡浆果蛀虫 (CBB)，同时考虑到三方相互作用网络：害虫-捕食者-环境。它进一步试图了解农民的管理实践如何改变调节网络。使用来自基于咖啡的 AFS 和结构方程模型的现场数据，我们评估了环境条件（遮荫百分比、树面积表面、咖啡密度）和农场管理（传统、综合、有机）对 (1) 蚂蚁掠食群体的影响， (2) CBB 的丰度和损害以及 (3) 它们的相互作用。遮荫百分比与 CBB 初始侵染呈正相关（通过直接影响），并通过其对咖啡物候的影响呈负相关。较高百分比的阴影也与损坏强度呈负相关。农民的做法显着减少了 CBB 种群，而对蚂蚁捕食群体没有显着的副作用，这可能是由于这些农场内的植物多样性很高。最多样化的蚂蚁掠食群体的丰度对 CBB 侵扰率的峰值具有自上而下的影响。我们的方法似乎有希望更好地了解咖啡 AFS 中复杂的调节网络，并证实了综合管理策略对减少 CBB 损害的重要性。