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Realities of offering advice to governments on CITES
Conservation Biology ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 , DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13451
Lindsay Aylesworth 1 , Sarah J Foster 1 , Amanda C J Vincent 1
Affiliation  

What happens when those who provide conservation advice are required to take policy and management action based on that advice? Conservation advocates and scientists often try to prompt regulatory change that has significant implications for government without facing the challenge of managing such change. Through a case study, we placed ourselves in the role of the government of Thailand, facing obligations to seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). These obligations include ensuring that its exports of seahorses do not damage wild populations. We applied a CITES-approved framework (which we developed) to evaluate the risks of such exports to 2 seahorse species. We used the framework to evaluate the pressures that put wild populations of the species at risk; whether current management mitigates the risk or offsets these pressures; and whether the species is responding as hoped to management policy. We based our analysis on information in published literature and grey literature, local knowledge, citizen science data, results of government research, and expert opinion. To meet CITES obligations, exports of both species would need to be prohibited until more precautionary adaptive management emerged. The risk of any exports of H. trimaculatus was above a tolerable level because of a lack of appropriate management to mitigate risks. In contrast, the risk of any exports of H. kuda could become tolerable if monitoring were put in place to assess the species' response to management. The process we developed for authorities to determine risk in response to CITES guidelines was challenging to implement even without the need for government to consider social implications of conservation action. Despite the imperfections of our risk evaluation, however, it still served to support adaptive management. Conservationists need to keep implementation in mind when offering advice. Article impact statement: Only when conservationists consider the perspective of government can they realize implementing their own advice is not as easy as it sounds. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译:

就 CITES 向政府提供建议的现实

当提供保护建议的人被要求根据该建议采取政策和管理行动时,会发生什么?保护倡导者和科学家经常试图推动对政府具有重大影响的监管变革,而无需面临管理此类变革的挑战。通过案例研究,我们将自己置于泰国政府的角色中,面临着《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES) 规定的海马 (Hippocampus spp.) 义务。这些义务包括确保其出口的海马不会损害野生种群。我们应用了 CITES 批准的框架(我们开发的)来评估此类出口对 2 种海马物种的风险。我们使用该框架来评估使该物种的野生种群处于危险之中的压力;当前管理层是否减轻了风险或抵消了这些压力;以及该物种是否对管理政策做出了预期的反应。我们的分析基于已发表文献和灰色文献中的信息、地方知识、公民科学数据、政府研究结果和专家意见。为了履行 CITES 的义务,需要禁止这两种物种的出口,直到出现更具预防性的适应性管理。由于缺乏适当的管理来降低风险,任何出口三斑木耳的风险都高于可容忍的水平。相比之下,如果实施监测以评估该物种对管理的反应,则任何出口 H. kuda 的风险都可以容忍。即使政府不需要考虑保护行动的社会影响,我们为当局制定的根据 CITES 指南确定风险的流程也难以实施。尽管我们的风险评估不完善,但它仍然有助于支持适应性管理。保护主义者在提供建议时需要牢记实施。文章影响声明:只有当保护主义者考虑政府的观点时,他们才能意识到实施自己的建议并不像听起来那么容易。本文受版权保护。版权所有。保护主义者在提供建议时需要牢记实施。文章影响声明:只有当保护主义者考虑政府的观点时,他们才能意识到实施自己的建议并不像听起来那么容易。本文受版权保护。版权所有。保护主义者在提供建议时需要牢记实施。文章影响声明:只有当保护主义者考虑政府的观点时,他们才能意识到实施自己的建议并不像听起来那么容易。本文受版权保护。版权所有。
更新日期:2020-01-08
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