Anthropogenic noise associated with shipping has emerged as a major disruptor of aquatic animal behavior worldwide. The Arctic marine realm has historically experienced little noise-generating human activity; however, the continual loss of sea ice has facilitated a dramatic increase in shipping activity. Here, we use a combination of acoustic telemetry and modeling of ship noise to examine the temporospatial habitat use of key Arctic forage fish, Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in the presence and absence of vessels in Resolute Bay, Nunavut, Canada. The presence and movement of vessels induced a horizontal shift in the home ranges of Arctic cod with low core overlap when compared to periods without vessel activity. Home range displacement occurred near the vessel. Individuals also altered their swimming behaviors in response to vessel presence with searching decreasing and travelling increasing in proportion. Results indicate that Arctic cod perceive vessel noise and presence as a threat and react by moving away and decreasing exploratory activities. These changes in fish behavior also coincide with the critical open water feeding period suggesting an interruption in exploitation of important and seasonally abundant food resources, and carry broader implications for dependent seabirds and marine mammals, and indirectly for all Arctic indigenous peoples' subsistence and long-term cultural traditions. Our study implies that strategic management is required for aquatic acoustic disturbance as an environmental stressor in the Arctic marine ecosystem, and highlights ecologically and socially important impacts that require timely conservation action.

中文翻译：

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运输改变了北极鳕鱼（北极鳕）的活动和行为，北极鳕是北极海洋生态系统中的重要鱼类。

与运输有关的人为噪声已成为世界范围内水生动物行为的主要破坏者。从历史上看，北极的海洋领域几乎没有人类产生噪声的活动。然而，海冰的不断损失促进了运输活动的急剧增加。在这里，我们结合声学遥测技术和船舶噪声建模技术，研究了加拿大努纳武特市坚毅湾有无船只的情况下，关键的北极觅食鱼北极鳕（Boreogadus saida）在颞pat栖息地的使用情况。与没有船只活动的时间段相比，船只的存在和移动引起北极鳕鱼原籍范围内水平偏移。船只附近发生了原点范围位移。个体还响应于船只的存在而改变了他们的游泳行为，其中搜索减少并且旅行比例成比例地增加。结果表明，北极鳕鱼将船只的噪声和存在视为威胁，并通过远离和减少探索活动做出反应。鱼类行为的这些变化也与关键的开放水摄食期相吻合，表明对重要和季节性丰富的粮食资源的开发受到中断，这对依赖海鸟和海洋哺乳动物产生了更广泛的影响，并间接地影响了所有北极土著人民的生存和长期生存。术语文化传统。我们的研究表明，作为北极海洋生态系统中的环境压力源，必须对水生声干扰进行战略管理，