Evaluation of crop and forage yield stability is of increasing relevance in the context of current and recent environmental changes but, in contrast to other field crops, there are no published systematic analyses among forage crops in Europe. A study of stability performance was conducted with 13 Czech cultivars of lucerne at four locations over a 2‐year period with the following aims: (a) to evaluate yield stability of varieties across different environments and (b) to calculate measurable benefits of variety selection in relation to the specific environment. The cultivar Vlasta was identified as the highest yielding cultivar (annual yield 16.0 t DM/ha), whereas the lowest yielding cv. Magda, Tereza and Oslava averaged around 14.9 t DM/ha. Effect of genotype × environment interaction (G × E) was two times higher than for genotype alone. Additive main effects and the multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model showed that the highest yielding cultivars may not be stable across environments. This study demonstrated further that significant yield improvement could be detected, even among a relatively homogenous group of domestic cultivars, and this was driven mainly by site productivity: the improvement was +10% in low‐yielding sites, compared with +3% in high‐yielding sites. Results highlight that advanced agronomy should also consider stability parameters such as AMMI stability value or superiority measures for forage crops in response to the challenges associated with climate change.

中文翻译：

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估计能够在雨育条件下有效选择品种的卢塞恩产量稳定性

在当前和近期环境变化的背景下，对作物和草料单产稳定性的评估越来越重要，但与其他大田作物相比，欧洲尚未发布有关草料作物的系统分析。在两年的时间内对四个地方的13个捷克品种的卢塞恩进行了稳定性能研究，其目的是：（a）评估不同环境下品种的产量稳定性，（b）计算可衡量的选种效益与特定环境有关。品种Vlasta被确定为最高产量的品种（年产量16.0 t DM / ha），而最低产量的cv。Magda，Tereza和Oslava的平均产量约为14.9吨DM /公顷。基因型×环境相互作用（G×E）的影响是单独基因型的两倍。加性主效应和乘性相互作用（AMMI）模型表明，产量最高的品种可能在各种环境中均不稳定。这项研究进一步证明，即使在相对同质的国内品种中，也可以检测到显着的单产提高，这主要是由站点生产力驱动的：低产站点提高了10％，高产站点提高了3％。收益网站。结果表明，先进的农艺学还应考虑稳定性参数，例如AMMI稳定性值或饲草作物的优势指标，以应对与气候变化相关的挑战。这项研究进一步证明，即使在相对同质的国内品种中，也可以检测到显着的单产提高，这主要是由站点生产力驱动的：低产站点提高了10％，高产站点提高了3％。收益网站。结果表明，先进的农艺学还应考虑稳定性参数，例如AMMI稳定性值或饲草作物的优值措施，以应对与气候变化相关的挑战。这项研究进一步证明，即使在相对同质的国内品种中，也可以检测到显着的单产提高，这主要是由站点生产力驱动的：低产站点提高了10％，高产站点提高了3％。收益网站。结果表明，先进的农艺学还应考虑稳定性参数，例如AMMI稳定性值或饲草作物的优势指标，以应对与气候变化相关的挑战。