Although meta-analyses suggest that schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with a more severe neurocognitive phenotype than mood disorders such as bipolar disorder, considerable between-subject heterogeneity exists in the phenotypic presentation of these deficits across mental illnesses. Indeed, it is unclear whether the processes that underlie cognitive dysfunction in these disorders are unique to each disease or represent a common neurobiological process that varies in severity. Here we used latent profile analysis (LPA) across 3 distinct cognitive domains (cognitive control, episodic memory, and visual integration; using data from the CNTRACS consortium) to identify distinct profiles of patients across psychotic illnesses. LPA was performed on a sample of 223 psychosis patients (59 with Type I bipolar disorder, 88 with SZ, and 76 with schizoaffective disorder). Seventy-three healthy control participants were included for comparison but were not included in sample LPA. Three latent profiles (“Low,” “Moderate,” and “High” ability) were identified as the underlying covariance across the 3 domains. The 3-profile solution provided highly similar fit to a single continuous factor extracted by confirmatory factor analysis, supporting a unidimensional structure. Diagnostic ratios did not significantly differ between profiles, suggesting that these profiles cross diagnostic boundaries (an exception being the Low ability profile, which had only one bipolar patient). Profile membership predicted Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale symptom severity as well as everyday communication skills independent of diagnosis. Biological, clinical and methodological implications of these findings are discussed.

中文翻译：

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跨精神病的认知控制，情景记忆和视觉知觉的潜在特征揭示了一个维度结构

尽管荟萃分析表明，精神分裂症（SZ）与双相情感障碍等情绪障碍相比具有更严重的神经认知表型，但在精神疾病这些缺陷的表型表现中存在相当大的受试者间异质性。确实，尚不清楚这些疾病的认知功能障碍背后的过程是每种疾病所独有的，还是代表严重程度不同的常见神经生物学过程。在这里，我们在3个不同的认知领域（认知控制，情景记忆和视觉整合；使用来自CNTRACS财团的数据）中使用了潜在特征分析（LPA）来识别精神病患者的不同特征。对223名精神病患者（其中I型双相情感障碍59例，SZ 88例，和76例患有情感分裂性情感障碍）。包括73名健康对照参与者进行比较，但未包括在样本LPA中。三个潜在的配置文件（“低”，“中等”和“高”能力）被确定为3个域之间的基础协方差。3-profile解决方案提供了与通过验证性因子分析提取的单个连续因子高度相似的拟合，支持一维结构。不同谱型之间的诊断率没有显着差异，表明这些谱型跨越了诊断界限（例外是低能力谱，只有一名双相情感障碍患者）。个人档案成员资格可预测简要的精神病学评定量表和青年躁狂症评定量表的症状严重程度，以及独立于诊断的日常沟通技巧。生物，