The development of mechanised large-scale farming has led to changes in rice production systems. Increases in time of farming operations often occur under large-scale farming conditions, which can lead to delayed transplanting (DTP). In this study, field experiments were conducted in the late rice-growing season in 2016 and 2017 to compare the growth stages, growing-season temperature and yield attributes between normal transplanting with 15- to 20-day-old seedlings and DTP with 30-day-old seedlings of two rice cultivars. DTP resulted in 6- and 12-day delays in heading stage for both cultivars in 2016 and 2017, respectively. As a consequence, low temperature stress occurred at anthesis under DTP in both years, which led to significantly reduced spikelet filling and grain yield under DTP for both cultivars. These results confirm that DTP can reduce spikelet filling and grain yield due to low temperature stress at anthesis in machine-transplanted late-season rice. This finding highlights that greater efforts should be made to develop high-yielding short-duration rice cultivars to meet the development of mechanised large-scale rice farming.

中文翻译：

---

机插晚稻开花期低温胁迫导致延迟移栽降低产量

机械化规模化农业的发展导致水稻生产体系发生变化。在大规模耕作条件下，通常会增加耕作时间，这可能导致延迟移栽 (DTP)。本研究在 2016 年和 2017 年水稻生育后期进行了田间试验，比较了 15-20 日龄幼苗正常移栽和 30-30 日龄 DTP 的生长阶段、生长期温度和产量属性。两个水稻品种的日龄幼苗。DTP 导致 2016 年和 2017 年两个品种抽穗期分别延迟 6 天和 12 天。因此，在 DTP 条件下，两年开花时都出现低温胁迫，导致两个品种在 DTP 条件下的小穗灌浆和籽粒产量显着降低。这些结果证实，DTP可以降低机插晚稻开花期低温胁迫导致的小穗灌浆和籽粒产量。这一发现突出表明，应加大力度开发高产短期水稻品种，以适应水稻机械化规模化种植的发展。