Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear with great impact on children worldwide. The most common reported bacterial pathogens are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Over the last years, the role of biofilms formed by otopathogens that contribute to otitis media recurrence and chronicity has been established. An improved understanding of the properties of biofilms formed by these bacteria, which factors influence them, and how these affect the host inflammatory response is important for the development of novel strategies for the treatment of otitis media. This review focuses on the biofilm nature that the most prevalent otopathogens adopt in otitis media infections. In addition, new treatment approaches targeting biofilms are highlighted.

中耳炎是一组中耳炎性疾病，对全世界的儿童都有重大影响。报告的最常见细菌病原体是肺炎链球菌，流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌。在过去的几年中，已经确定了由耳致病菌形成的生物膜在中耳炎复发和慢性中的作用。对由这些细菌形成的生物膜的特性，影响它们的因素以及它们如何影响宿主炎症反应的更好的理解对于开发治疗中耳炎的新策略很重要。这篇综述的重点是中耳炎感染中最普遍的耳病原体所采用的生物膜性质。另外，突出了针对生物膜的新治疗方法。