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Mechanisms of Microscopic Displacement During Enhanced Oil Recovery in Mixed-Wet Rocks Revealed Using Direct Numerical Simulation
Transport in Porous Media ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s11242-019-01336-5
Takashi Akai , Amer M. Alhammadi , Martin J. Blunt , Branko Bijeljic

We demonstrate how to use numerical simulation models directly on micro-CT images to understand the impact of several enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods on microscopic displacement efficiency. To describe the physics with high-fidelity, we calibrate the model to match a water-flooding experiment conducted on the same rock sample (Akai et al. in Transp Porous Media 127(2):393–414, 2019. 10.1007/s11242-018-1198-8). First we show comparisons of water-flooding processes between the experiment and simulation, focusing on the characteristics of remaining oil after water-flooding in a mixed-wet state. In both the experiment and simulation, oil is mainly present as thin oil layers confined to pore walls. Then, taking this calibrated simulation model as a base case, we examine the application of three EOR processes: low salinity water-flooding, surfactant flooding and polymer flooding. In low salinity water-flooding, the increase in oil recovery was caused by displacement of oil from the centers of pores without leaving oil layers behind. Surfactant flooding gave the best improvement in the recovery factor of 16% by reducing the amount of oil trapped by capillary forces. Polymer flooding indicated improvement in microscopic sweep efficiency at a higher capillary number, while it did not show an improvement at a low capillary number. Overall, this work quantifies the impact of different EOR processes on local displacement efficiency and establishes a workflow based on combining experiment and modeling to design optimal recovery processes.

中文翻译:

直接数值模拟揭示混合湿岩提高采油过程中的微观驱替机制

我们演示了如何直接在显微 CT 图像上使用数值模拟模型来了解几种提高采油率 (EOR) 方法对显微驱替效率的影响。为了高保真地描述物理,我们校准模型以匹配在同一岩石样本上进行的注水实验(Akai 等人在 Transp Porous Media 127(2):393–414, 2019. 10.1007/s11242- 018-1198-8)。首先,我们展示了实验和模拟之间注水过程的比较,重点关注混合湿润状态下注水后剩余油的特征。在实验和模拟中,油主要以局限于孔隙壁的薄油层形式存在。然后,以这个校准的模拟模型为基础案例,我们研究了三种 EOR 过程的应用:低盐度水驱、表面活性剂驱和聚合物驱。在低矿化度水驱中,石油采收率的增加是由于油从孔隙中心被驱替而没有留下油层。通过减少毛细管力捕获的油量,表面活性剂驱使采收率提高了 16%。聚合物驱表明在较高的毛细管数下微观波及效率有所提高,而在低毛细管数下没有显示出改善。总的来说,这项工作量化了不同 EOR 过程对局部驱替效率的影响,并建立了基于结合实验和建模设计最佳采收率过程的工作流程。石油采收率的增加是由于石油从孔隙中心被驱替而没有留下油层。通过减少毛细管力捕获的油量,表面活性剂驱使采收率提高了 16%。聚合物驱表明在较高的毛细管数下微观波及效率有所提高,而在低毛细管数下没有显示出改善。总的来说,这项工作量化了不同 EOR 过程对局部驱替效率的影响,并建立了基于结合实验和建模设计最佳采收率过程的工作流程。石油采收率的增加是由于石油从孔隙中心被驱替而没有留下油层。通过减少毛细管力捕获的油量,表面活性剂驱使采收率提高了 16%。聚合物驱表明在较高的毛细管数下微观波及效率有所提高,而在低毛细管数下没有显示出改善。总的来说,这项工作量化了不同 EOR 过程对局部驱替效率的影响,并建立了基于结合实验和建模设计最佳采收率过程的工作流程。聚合物驱表明在较高毛细管数下微观波及效率的提高,而在低毛细管数下没有显示出改善。总的来说,这项工作量化了不同 EOR 过程对局部驱替效率的影响,并建立了基于结合实验和建模设计最佳采收率过程的工作流程。聚合物驱表明在较高的毛细管数下微观波及效率有所提高,而在低毛细管数下没有显示出改善。总的来说,这项工作量化了不同 EOR 过程对局部驱替效率的影响,并建立了基于结合实验和建模设计最佳采收率过程的工作流程。
更新日期:2019-09-25
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