In a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), a road side unit (RSU) is a network traffic transmitter statically placed along the route to facilitate communication between vehicles and network infrastructure. The transmission and propagation delays, and the capacity of a VANET greatly depend upon the relative positions of RSUs along the road. In this paper, we investigate the problem of RSU placement on a highway-like roadway and propose a scheme that reduces network latency while ensuring good network capacity. In this regard, an integer linear programming model with the objective of minimizing network latency has been developed that depicts the network under consideration. Optimization techniques have then been applied to determine the RSU deployment that provides the minimum network latency. The proposed scheme was validated by generating traffic mobility patterns by using VanetMobiSim and performing simulations in NS2. In-depth comparative analyses of the proposed scheme with uniform distribution scheme and cost-effective strategy showed a reduction of 25% and 10% in network latency, respectively and thus established the superiority of the proposed solution.

中文翻译：

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通过优化路边单元的位置来最大程度地减少车载自组织网络中的传输延迟

在车辆自组织网络（VANET）中，路边单元（RSU）是沿路线静态放置的网络流量发送器，以促进车辆与网络基础结构之间的通信。传输和传播延迟以及VANET的容量在很大程度上取决于RSU在道路上的相对位置。在本文中，我们调查了RSU在类似高速公路的道路上的放置问题，并提出了一种在确保良好网络容量的同时减少网络等待时间的方案。在这方面，已经开发了以最小化网络等待时间为目标的整数线性规划模型，该模型描述了所考虑的网络。然后，已应用优化技术来确定提供最小网络延迟的RSU部署。通过使用VanetMobiSim生成流量移动性模式并在NS2中执行仿真，对提出的方案进行了验证。对采用均匀分布方案和成本有效策略的提议方案进行的深入比较分析表明，网络延迟分别减少了25％和10％，从而确立了提议方案的优越性。