OBJECTIVES To develop technical guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging aimed at characterising renal masses (multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, mpMRI) and at imaging the bladder and upper urinary tract (magnetic resonance urography, MRU). METHODS The French Society of Genitourinary Imaging organised a Delphi consensus conference with a two-round Delphi survey followed by a face-to-face meeting. Two separate questionnaires were issued for renal mpMRI and for MRU. Consensus was strictly defined using a priori criteria. RESULTS Forty-two expert uroradiologists completed both survey rounds with no attrition between the rounds. Fifty-six of 84 (67%) statements of the mpMRI questionnaire and 44/71 (62%) statements of the MRU questionnaire reached final consensus. For mpMRI, there was consensus that no injection of furosemide was needed and that the imaging protocol should include T2-weighted imaging, dual chemical shift imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (use of multiple b-values; maximal b-value, 1000 s/mm2) and fat-saturated single-bolus multiphase (unenhanced, corticomedullary, nephrographic) contrast-enhanced imaging; late imaging (more than 10 min after injection) was judged optional. For MRU, the patients should void their bladder before the examination. The protocol must include T2-weighted imaging, anatomical fast T1/T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (use of multiple b-values; maximal b-value, 1000 s/mm2) and fat-saturated single-bolus multiphase (unenhanced, corticomedullary, nephrographic, excretory) contrast-enhanced imaging. An intravenous injection of furosemide is mandatory before the injection of contrast medium. Heavily T2-weighted cholangiopancreatography-like imaging was judged optional. CONCLUSION This expert-based consensus conference provides recommendations to standardise magnetic resonance imaging of kidneys, ureter and bladder. KEY POINTS • Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) aims at characterising renal masses; magnetic resonance urography (MRU) aims at imaging the urinary bladder and the collecting systems. • For mpMRI, no injection of furosemide is needed. • For MRU, an intravenous injection of furosemide is mandatory before the injection of contrast medium; heavily T2-weighted cholangiopancreatography-like imaging is optional.

中文翻译：

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肾脏多参数 MRI 和 MR 尿路造影的成像方案：法国泌尿生殖影像学会共识会议的结果。

目标 制定旨在表征肾脏肿块（多参数磁共振成像，mpMRI）和膀胱和上尿路成像（磁共振尿路造影，MRU）的磁共振成像技术指南。方法 法国泌尿生殖影像学会组织了一次德尔菲共识会议，先进行两轮德尔菲调查，然后举行面对面会议。针对肾脏 mpMRI 和 MRU 发出了两份单独的问卷。共识是使用先验标准严格定义的。结果 42 名泌尿放射学专家完成了两轮调查，两轮之间没有人员流失。mpMRI 问卷的 84 份陈述中有 56 份 (67%) 和 MRU 问卷的 44/71 (62%) 份陈述达成了最终共识。对于 mpMRI，一致认为不需要注射速尿，成像方案应包括 T2 加权成像、双化学位移成像、扩散加权成像（使用多个 b 值；最大 b 值，1000 s/mm2）和脂肪饱和单次推注多相（未增强、皮质髓质、肾造影）对比增强成像；延迟成像（注射后超过 10 分钟）被判断为可选。对于MRU，患者应在检查前排空膀胱。该方案必须包括 T2 加权成像、解剖学快速 T1/T2 加权成像、弥散加权成像（使用多个 b 值；最大 b 值，1000 s/mm2）和脂肪饱和单次推注多相（未增强） ，皮质髓质，肾图，排泄）对比增强成像。在注射造影剂之前必须静脉注射速尿。重度 T2 加权胰胆管造影样成像被认为是可选的。结论 这个基于专家的共识会议提供了标准化肾脏、输尿管和膀胱磁共振成像的建议。要点 • 多参数磁共振成像 (mpMRI) 旨在表征肾脏肿块；磁共振尿路造影 (MRU) 旨在对膀胱和收集系统进行成像。• 对于mpMRI，不需要注射呋塞米。• 对于MRU，在注射造影剂之前必须静脉注射速尿。高度 T2 加权胰胆管造影样成像是可选的。结论 这个基于专家的共识会议提供了标准化肾脏、输尿管和膀胱磁共振成像的建议。要点 • 多参数磁共振成像 (mpMRI) 旨在表征肾脏肿块；磁共振尿路造影 (MRU) 旨在对膀胱和收集系统进行成像。• 对于mpMRI，不需要注射呋塞米。• 对于MRU，在注射造影剂之前必须静脉注射速尿。高度 T2 加权胰胆管造影样成像是可选的。结论 这个基于专家的共识会议提供了标准化肾脏、输尿管和膀胱磁共振成像的建议。要点 • 多参数磁共振成像 (mpMRI) 旨在表征肾脏肿块；磁共振尿路造影 (MRU) 旨在对膀胱和收集系统进行成像。• 对于mpMRI，不需要注射呋塞米。• 对于MRU，在注射造影剂之前必须静脉注射速尿。高度 T2 加权胰胆管造影样成像是可选的。磁共振尿路造影 (MRU) 旨在对膀胱和收集系统进行成像。• 对于mpMRI，不需要注射呋塞米。• 对于MRU，在注射造影剂之前必须静脉注射速尿。高度 T2 加权胰胆管造影样成像是可选的。磁共振尿路造影 (MRU) 旨在对膀胱和收集系统进行成像。• 对于mpMRI，不需要注射呋塞米。• 对于MRU，在注射造影剂之前必须静脉注射速尿。高度 T2 加权胰胆管造影样成像是可选的。