Rapeseed/canola seedlings can be easily damaged by spring frost, which can rupture the cells and kill the plant. Genetic variations for frost tolerance have known to exist within rapeseed/canola gene pool. A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using 231 diverged rapeseed/canola germplasm to find the significant markers of the freezing tolerance traits. The genotypes were obtained from 21 countries and comprised of spring, winter and semi‐winter growth types. The genotypes were evaluated in plant growth chamber under simulated freezing conditions. Highly significant genotypic variation was observed for the freezing tolerance. The best three freezing tolerant germplasms (Rubin, KSU‐10, and AR91004) were winter type, while the four most freezing susceptible germplasms (Polo Canada, Prota, Drakkar, and BO‐63) were all spring type. No geographical or growth habit type clusters were identified by structure analysis in this mixed population. One QTL was identified that was located on chromosome A02. Six freezing/abiotic stress tolerance genes have been identified in this study.

中文翻译：

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全基因组关联研究模拟冷冻条件下油菜/油菜（甘蓝型油菜）的抗冻性

春季霜冻很容易损坏油菜籽/油菜籽幼苗，这可能会使细胞破裂并杀死植物。已知在油菜籽/油菜基因库中存在抗霜冻的遗传变异。使用231个不同的油菜/低芥酸菜子种质进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），以发现抗冻性状的重要标志。基因型来自21个国家，包括春季，冬季和半冬季生长类型。在模拟的冷冻条件下在植物生长室中评估基因型。对于冷冻耐受性观察到高度显着的基因型变异。最好的三种耐寒种质（Rubin，KSU-10和AR91004）是冬季类型，而四种最容易冷冻的种质（Polo Canada，Prota，Drakkar和BO-63）都是春季类型。通过结构分析，在该混合人群中没有发现地理或生长习惯类型的聚类。鉴定出一个位于染色体A02上的QTL。在这项研究中已经鉴定出六个冷冻/非生物胁迫耐受性基因。