Climate change is undoubtedly altering the atmosphere, occasioning extreme temperatures that can cause weather calamities such as droughts and floods. Among the major constraints limiting crop production, drought is one of the most important. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) is considered an important economic crop not only for sugar production, but also for ethanol generation, serving as an expandable green alternative to crude oil use. To take advantage of the use of sugarcane as renewable source for bioethanol production, it is important to increase its productivity without increasing land use, which includes cultivation under hostile conditions, such as water‐limited environments. Previously, we demonstrated that stress‐inducible overexpression of the transcription factor AtDREB2A CA conferred drought tolerance in sugarcane subjected to water deficit under greenhouse conditions. In the present work, the AtDREB2A CA transgenic sugarcane lines were evaluated in the field in two representative seasonally dry regions of Brazil. The results demonstrated that the AtDREB2A CA sugarcane lines presented higher yield and productivity when compared to non‐transformed plants under drought, representing a suitable strategy for the development of new drought‐tolerant cultivars.

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AtDREB2A CA高表达甘蔗的耐旱性现场评估

气候变化无疑正在改变大气，引起极端温度，这可能导致干旱和洪水等天气灾害。在限制农作物产量的主要制约因素中，干旱是最重要的制约因素之一。甘蔗（Saccharum spp。hybrid）被认为是重要的经济作物，不仅用于制糖，而且用于乙醇的生产，是可替代原油的绿色替代产品。为了利用甘蔗作为可再生资源来生产生物乙醇，重要的是在不增加土地使用的情况下提高其生产率，这包括在不利条件下（例如水禁环境）进行耕种。之前，我们证明了转录因子AtDREB2A CA的应激诱导过表达赋予甘蔗在温室条件下缺水的耐旱性。在目前的工作中，在巴西两个代表性的季节性干旱地区的田间评估了AtDREB2A CA转基因甘蔗品系。结果表明，与干旱条件下的非转化植物相比，AtDREB2A CA甘蔗品系具有更高的产量和生产力，是开发耐旱新品种的合适策略。