Current studies on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based cellular deployment consider UAVs as aerial base stations for air-to-ground communication. However, they analyze UAV coverage radius and altitude interplay while omitting or over-simplifying an important aspect of UAV deployment, i.e., effect of a realistic antenna pattern. This paper addresses the UAV deployment problem while using a realistic three-dimensional directional antenna model. New tradeoffs between UAV design space dimensions are revealed and analyzed in different scenarios. The sensitivity of coverage area to both antenna beamwidth and height is compared. The analysis is extended to multiple UAVs and a new packing scheme is proposed for multiple UAVs coverage that offers several advantages compared to prior approaches.

中文翻译：

---

关于实际无人机部署的覆盖半径、高度和波束宽度之间的权衡

当前对基于无人机 (UAV) 的蜂窝部署的研究将无人机视为空对地通信的空中基站。然而，他们分析了无人机覆盖半径和高度的相互作用，同时忽略或过度简化了无人机部署的一个重要方面，即现实天线方向图的影响。本文在使用现实的三维定向天线模型的同时解决了无人机部署问题。在不同的场景中揭示和分析了无人机设计空间维度之间的新权衡。比较了覆盖区域对天线波束宽度和高度的敏感性。该分析扩展到多架无人机，并针对多架无人机的覆盖范围提出了一种新的打包方案，与之前的方法相比，该方案具有多项优势。