The oral mucosa is a primary barrier site and a portal for entry of microbes, food, and airborne particles into the gastrointestinal tract. Nonetheless, mucosal immunity at this barrier remains understudied compared with other anatomical barrier sites. Here, we review basic aspects of oral mucosal histology, the oral microbiome, and common and clinically significant diseases that present at oral mucosal barriers. We particularly focus on the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17)/T helper 17 (TH17) responses in protective immunity and inflammation in the oral mucosa. IL-17/TH17 responses are highly relevant to maintaining barrier integrity and preventing pathogenic infections by the oral commensal fungus Candida albicans On the other hand, aberrant IL-17/TH17 responses are implicated in driving the pathogenesis of periodontitis and consequent bone and tooth loss. We discuss distinct IL-17-secreting T cell subsets, emphasizing their regulation and function in oropharyngeal candidiasis and periodontitis.

中文翻译：

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17 型免疫调节口腔粘膜屏障处宿主-微生物相互作用。

口腔粘膜是主要屏障部位，也是微生物、食物和空气中颗粒进入胃肠道的门户。尽管如此，与其他解剖屏障位点相比，该屏障的粘膜免疫仍然没有得到充分研究。在这里，我们回顾口腔粘膜组织学、口腔微生物组以及口腔粘膜屏障中常见和具有临床意义的疾病的基本方面。我们特别关注白细胞介素 17 (IL-17)/T 辅助细胞 17 (TH17) 反应在口腔粘膜保护性免疫和炎症中的作用。IL-17/TH17 反应与维持屏障完整性和预防口腔共生真菌白色念珠菌的致病性感染高度相关。另一方面，异常的 IL-17/TH17 反应与牙周炎的发病机制以及随之而来的骨和牙齿损失有关。 。我们讨论了不同的 IL-17 分泌 T 细胞亚群，强调它们在口咽念珠菌病和牙周炎中的调节和功能。