Brachypodium distachyon is a weedy grass species that is firmly established as a model for the comparative and functional genomics of temperate cereals and grasses. Its simple, nuclear genome of five chromosomes contrasts it with other relatives of the genus with different, and usually higher, basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. This variation in karyotypic structure affords the possibility of reconstructing evolutionary pathways that have shaped the genome structure of extant species. This Tansley insight documents how key refinements in molecular cytogenetic approaches, from simple fluorescence in situ hybridization to comparative chromosome barcoding, have enabled genome structure studies and yielded valuable information about the drivers of karyotypic reorganization and evolution in the model grass genus Brachypodium.

中文翻译：

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拟南芥基因组核型分析的逐步完善

Brachypodium distachyon是一种杂草种，已被牢固地确立为温带谷物和草的比较和功能基因组学的模型。它具有五个染色体的简单核基因组与具有不同（通常更高）的基本染色体数和倍性水平的该属的其他亲戚形成对比。核型结构的这种变化提供了重建已形成现存物种基因组结构的进化途径的可能性。Tansley的这一见识记录了如何从简单的原位荧光技术对分子细胞遗传学方法进行关键改进通过与比较染色体条形码进行杂交，可以进行基因组结构研究，并获得了有关模式草属Brachypodium的核型重组和进化驱动程序的有价值的信息。