Device-free or passive localization techniques allow positioning of targets, without requiring them to carry any form of transceiver or tag. In this paper, a novel device-free visible light positioning technique is proposed. It exploits the variation of the ambient light levels caused by a moving entity. The target is localized by employing a system of artificial potential fields associated with a set of photodiodes embedded into an indoor environment. The system does not require the existing lighting infrastructure to be modified. It also employs a novel calibration procedure that does not require labelled training data, thus significantly reducing the calibration cost. The developed prototype system is installed in three typical indoor environments consisting of a corridor, foyer, and laboratory and was able to attain median errors of 0.68m, 1.20m and 0.84m respectively. Through experimental results, the proposed VLP technique is benchmarked against an existing wireless RSSI-based device-free localization approach, and was able to attain a median error 0.63m lower than the wireless technique.

中文翻译：

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FieldLight：使用被动可见光定位和人工势场的无设备室内人体定位

无设备或无源定位技术允许定位目标，而无需它们携带任何形式的收发器或标签。在本文中，提出了一种新的无设备可见光定位技术。它利用由移动实体引起的环境光水平的变化。通过使用与嵌入室内环境的一组光电二极管相关联的人工势场系统来定位目标。该系统不需要修改现有的照明基础设施。它还采用了一种新颖的校准程序，不需要标记的训练数据，从而大大降低了校准成本。开发的原型系统安装在三个典型的室内环境中，包括走廊、门厅和实验室，并且能够达到 0.68m 的中值误差，1。分别为20m和0.84m。通过实验结果，所提出的 VLP 技术与现有的基于无线 RSSI 的无设备定位方法进行了基准测试，并且能够获得比无线技术低 0.63m 的中值误差。