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Parachute geckos free fall into synonymy: Gekko phylogeny, and a new subgeneric classification, inferred from thousands of ultraconserved elements.
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106731
Perry L. Wood , Xianguang Guo , Scott L. Travers , Yong-Chao Su , Karen V. Olson , Aaron M. Bauer , L. Lee Grismer , Cameron D. Siler , Robert G. Moyle , Michael J. Andersen , Rafe M. Brown

Recent phylogenetic studies of gekkonid lizards have revealed unexpected, widespread paraphyly and polyphyly among genera, unclear generic boundaries, and a tendency towards the nesting of taxa exhibiting specialized, apomorphic morphologies within geographically widespread "generalist" clades. This is especially true in Australasia, where monophyly of Gekko proper has been questioned with respect to phenotypically ornate flap-legged geckos of the genus Luperosaurus, the Philippine false geckos of the genus Pseudogekko, and even the elaborately "derived" parachute geckos of the genus Ptychozoon. Here we employ sequence capture targeting 5060 ultraconserved elements to infer phylogenomic relationships among 42 representative ingroup gekkonine lizard taxa. We analyze multiple datasets of varying degrees of completeness (10, 50, 75, 95, and 100 percent complete with 4715, 4051, 3376, 2366, and 772 UCEs, respectively) using concatenated maximum likelihood and multispecies coalescent methods. Our sampling scheme addresses four persistent systematic questions in this group: (1) Are Luperosaurus and Ptychozoon monophyletic, and are any of these named species truly nested within Gekko? (2) Are prior phylogenetic estimates of Sulawesi's L. iskandari as the sister taxon to Melanesian G. vittatus supported by our genome-scale dataset? (3) Is the high-elevation L. gulat of Palawan Island correctly placed within Gekko? (4) And, finally, where do the enigmatic taxa P. rhacophorus and L. browni fall in a higher-level gekkonid phylogeny? We resolve these issues; confirm with strong support some previously inferred findings (placement of Ptychozoon taxa within Gekko; the sister taxon relationship between L. iskandari and G. vittatus); resolve the systematic position of unplaced taxa (L. gulat, and L. browni); and transfer L. iskandari, L. gulat, L. browni, and all members of the genus Ptychozoon to the genus Gekko. Our unexpected and novel systematic inference of the placement of Ptychozoon rhacophorus suggests that this species is not grouped with Ptychozoon or even Luperosaurus (as previously expected) but may, in fact, be most closely related to several Indochinese species of Gekko. With our resolved and strongly supported phylogeny, we present a new classification emphasizing the most inclusive, original generic name (Gekko) for these ∼60 taxa, arranged into seven new subgenera.

中文翻译:

降落伞壁虎自由落入同义词:Gekko系统发生学,以及一种新的亚类分类,从数千种超保守元素推断出。

最近对极地蜥蜴的系统发育研究表明,属间出乎意料的,广泛的副系和复系,不明确的属界,以及在地理上广泛的“种属”进化枝中出现具有特定的,无性形态的类群的筑巢趋势。这在大洋洲尤其如此,在这里,有关壁虎属的表型华丽的皮瓣腿壁虎,Pseudogekko属的菲律宾假壁虎,甚至是经过精心设计的“派生”降落伞壁虎,都受到了Gekko固有的专一性的质疑。虫子 在这里,我们采用针对5060个超保守元素的序列捕获来推断42个代表性的群体内ekkonine蜥蜴类群之间的种系关系。我们分析了不同程度的完整性(10、50,75、95和100%分别使用级联最大似然和多物种合并方法完成了4715、4051、3376、2366和772个UCE。我们的采样方案解决了该组中四个持续存在的系统性问题:(1)狼蛛和霸王龙是否单系,这些命名物种中是否有任何真正的嵌套在Gekko中?(2)基因组规模数据集是否支持苏拉威西L. iskandari作为美拉尼西亚G. vittatus的姊妹分类群的系统发育评估?(3)巴拉望岛的高海拔古拉特岛是否正确放置在Gekko内?(4)最后,神秘的类群P. rhacophorus和L. browni在哪里属于较高级别的ekkkonid系统发育?我们解决了这些问题;在有力的支持下确认一些先前推断的发现(在Gekko中放置了Ptychozoon类群;L. iskandari和G. vittatus之间的姊妹分类关系);解决未放置的分类单元(L. gulat和L. browni)的系统位置;并将伊斯坎达里(L. iskandari),古拉特(L. gulat),布朗尼(L. browni)和Ptychozoon属的所有成员转移到Gekko属。我们对鼠李子夜蛾的摆放位置进行了意想不到的新颖的系统推断,表明该菌种没有与子夜蛾或什至是羽扇菌属(如先前所预期的)分组,但实际上可能与几种印度ek的Gekko物种最相关。通过我们坚定不移且得到强烈支持的系统发育,我们提出了一个新的分类,强调了这60个分类群的最具包容性的原始通用名称(Gekko),分为七个新的子类。并将L. iskandari,L。gulat,L。browni和Ptychozoon属的所有成员转移到Gekko属。我们对鼠李子夜蛾的摆放位置进行了意想不到的新颖的系统推断,表明该菌种没有与子夜蛾或什至是羽扇菌属(如先前所预期的)分组,但实际上可能与几种印度ek的Gekko物种最相关。通过我们坚定不移且得到强烈支持的系统发育,我们提出了一个新的分类,强调了这60个分类群的最具包容性的原始通用名称(Gekko),分为七个新的子类。并将L. iskandari,L。gulat,L。browni和Ptychozoon属的所有成员转移到Gekko属。我们对鼠李子夜蛾的摆放位置进行了意想不到的新颖的系统推断,表明该菌种没有与子夜蛾或什至是羽扇菌属(如先前所预期的)分组,但实际上可能与几种印度ek的Gekko物种最相关。通过我们坚定不移且得到强烈支持的系统发育,我们提出了一个新的分类,强调了这60个分类群的最具包容性的原始通用名称(Gekko),分为七个新的子类。我们对鼠李子夜蛾的摆放位置进行了意想不到的新颖的系统推断,表明该菌种没有与子夜蛾或什至是羽扇菌属(如先前所预期的)分组,但实际上可能与几种印度ek的Gekko物种最相关。通过我们坚定不移且得到强烈支持的系统发育,我们提出了一个新的分类,强调了这60个分类群的最具包容性的原始通用名称(Gekko),分为七个新的子类。我们对鼠李子夜蛾的摆放位置进行了意想不到的新颖的系统推断,表明该菌种没有与子夜蛾或什至是羽扇菌属(如先前所预期的)分组,但实际上可能与几种印度ek的Gekko物种最相关。通过我们坚定不移且得到强烈支持的系统发育,我们提出了一个新的分类,强调了这60个分类群的最具包容性的原始通用名称(Gekko),分为七个新的子类。
更新日期:2020-01-04
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