Currently, black phosphorus (BP) is widely applied in a variety of fields. Concerning the potential toxicity of BP nanosheets towards mammalian cells and bacteria, there is a great need to evaluate their ecological effects. This study was focused on the effect of BP nanosheets on enzyme activity, bacterial community structure, and bacterial function of black soil and burozem. We found BP nanosheets had no significant impact on enzyme activities in black soil during the 60 day exposure. In contrast, the activities of urease and catalase in burozem were significantly inhibited at day 10 and day 30, respectively, which were gradually recovered at day 60. The introduction of BP nanosheets significantly decreased the community richness in burozem at day 10, but had no effect either on the diversity or the richness in black soil. The discrepancies were attributed to the stronger interaction of BP nanosheets with organic matter-rich black soil, leading to a lowered bioavailability of BP nanosheets. Nevertheless, BP nanosheets were predicted to have negligible effect on bacterial function in both soils. It is worthwhile to further investigate the in-depth mechanisms and dose-dependent effect in order to lay the foundation for safe application and discharge of BP nanosheets.

中文翻译：

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土壤酶活性和细菌群落对黑磷纳米片的响应

目前，黑磷（BP）已广泛应用于各个领域。关于BP纳米片对哺乳动物细胞和细菌的潜在毒性，迫切需要评估其生态效应。这项研究的重点是BP纳米片对黑土和Burozem的酶活性，细菌群落结构和细菌功能的影响。我们发现BP纳米片在暴露60天期间对黑土中的酶活性没有显着影响。相反，在burozem中脲酶和过氧化氢酶的活性分别在第10天和第30天受到显着抑制，并在第60天逐渐恢复。BP纳米片的引入在第10天显着降低了Burozem的群落丰富度，但没有影响黑土的多样性或丰富性。差异归因于BP纳米片与富含有机物的黑土之间更强的相互作用，从而导致BP纳米片的生物利用度降低。然而，据预测，BP纳米片对两种土壤的细菌功能影响都可以忽略不计。值得进一步研究其深入机理和剂量依赖性效应，为安全地应用和释放BP纳米片奠定基础。