Cancer cells have enhanced metabolic needs due to their rapid proliferation. Moreover, throughout their progression from tumor precursors to metastases, cancer cells face challenging physiological conditions, including hypoxia, low nutrient availability, and exposure to therapeutic drugs. The ability of cancer cells to tailor their metabolic activities to support their energy demand and biosynthetic needs throughout disease progression is key for their survival. Here, we review the metabolic adaptations of cancer cells, from primary tumors to therapy resistant cancers, and the mechanisms underpinning their metabolic plasticity. We also discuss the metabolic coupling that can develop between tumors and the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we consider potential metabolic interventions that could be used in combination with standard therapeutic approaches to improve clinical outcome.

癌细胞由于其快速增殖而具有增强的代谢需求。此外，癌细胞从肿瘤前体到转移的整个过程都面临着严峻的生理状况，包括缺氧，营养物质利用率低和接触治疗药物。癌细胞在整个疾病发展过程中调整其代谢活动以支持其能量需求和生物合成需求的能力是其生存的关键。在这里，我们回顾了从原发肿瘤到抗药性癌症的癌细胞的代谢适应性，以及支持其代谢可塑性的机制。我们还讨论了可能在肿瘤和肿瘤微环境之间发展的代谢耦合。最后，