A substantial body of literature has provided evidence for the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes. However, reports vary regarding the association of particular taxonomic groups with disease. In this systematic review, we focused on the potential role of different bacterial taxa affecting diabetes. We have summarized evidence from 42 human studies reporting microbial associations with disease, and have identified supporting preclinical studies or clinical trials using treatments with probiotics. Among the commonly reported findings, the genera of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia and Roseburia were negatively associated with T2D, while the genera of Ruminococcus, Fusobacterium, and Blautia were positively associated with T2D. We also discussed potential molecular mechanisms of microbiota effects in the onset and progression of T2D.

中文翻译：

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肠道菌群在2型糖尿病病理生理中的作用。

大量文献提供了肠道菌群在包括2型糖尿病在内的代谢疾病中的作用的证据。但是，有关特定分类组与疾病的关联的报道有所不同。在本系统综述中，我们重点研究了不同细菌类群对糖尿病的潜在作用。我们总结了42项人类研究报告的证据，这些研究报告了微生物与疾病的关系，并确定了支持的临床前研究或使用益生菌治疗的临床试验。在普遍报道的发现中，双歧杆菌属，拟杆菌属，费氏杆菌属，阿克曼属和玫瑰菌属与T2D呈负相关，而Ruminococcus属，梭菌属和Blautia属与T2D呈正相关。