The current study observed the effect of the synergistic interaction of urban heat island (UHI) and heatwaves (HWs) which is different from the sum of their separate effects on the medium-sized town of Nicosia, Cyprus. From an analysis of hourly meteorological records of eight consecutive years (2007-2014) we defined HWs with respect to air temperature (T95-over the 95th percentile air temperatures) as well as the heat index (HI65-heat index over 65degC) and studied their effects on the local UHI phenomenon. Both heatwave types were characterized by increased air temperature, lower wind speed and increased absolute humidity. HWs defined using the heat index (HI65) occurred more frequently and persisted for a longer period of time. UHI was intensified to about 0.9-1.3 °C during daytime hours under both HW definitions which was attributed to the evaporation of dew deposited on the upper top layer of soil that suppressed higher temperatures in the rural station due to a prolonged cooling effect. Model estimates of dew formation overnight and evaporation in the morning hours are hypothesized to be the main contributing factor in keeping rural air temperatures lower, thus increasing the UHI intensity. The results emphasize the critical role of latent cooling and evapotranspiration as a mitigation factor affecting extreme local temperatures.

中文翻译：

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城乡湿度对比：城市热岛的监管者和热浪对地中海城市的协同作用。

当前的研究观察到城市热岛（UHI）和热波（HWs）的协同相互作用的效果，不同于它们对塞浦路斯中型小镇尼科西亚的单独影响之和。通过对连续八年（2007-2014年）的每小时气象记录进行分析，我们针对空气温度（T95高于95％的气温）以及热量指数（HI65高于65degC的热量）定义了硬件。它们对当地UHI现象的影响。两种热浪的特征都是气温升高，风速降低和绝对湿度升高。使用热指数（HI65）定义的硬件发生频率更高，并持续更长的时间。UHI增强到约0.9-1。在两种硬件定义下，白天的白天温度为3°C，这归因于沉积在土壤上表层的露水蒸发，由于长时间的降温作用而抑制了农村站点较高的温度。假设夜间的露水形成和早晨的蒸发量的模型估计是保持农村空气温度较低从而增加UHI强度的主要因素。结果强调了潜在的冷却和蒸散作用是影响极端局部温度的缓解因素的关键作用。假设夜间的露水形成和早晨的蒸发量的模型估计是保持农村空气温度较低从而增加UHI强度的主要因素。结果强调了潜在的冷却和蒸散作用是影响极端局部温度的缓解因素的关键作用。假设夜间的露水形成和早晨的蒸发量的模型估计是保持农村空气温度较低从而增加UHI强度的主要因素。结果强调了潜在的冷却和蒸散作用是影响极端局部温度的缓解因素的关键作用。