BACKGROUND As new targeted oral antineoplastic therapies have emerged in recent years, the development of effective strategies that promote optimal adherence to cancer medication regimens has become an important priority. METHODS We conducted a scoping literature review to search for English language articles published through July 15, 2019, to identify studies that reported the testing and/or evaluation of interventions to improve adherence to oral antineoplastic agents. RESULTS A total of 56 articles were selected for review. Of the studies evaluated, 14 were randomized trials. All interventions except two targeted adult patients. Thirty-three studies enrolled fewer than 100 patients. Most interventions were education- and counseling-based and centered on provision of information about the drug and strategies to manage side effects. Only eight studies used an mHealth tool and/or text messages to target nonadherence. Among studies with a comparison sample, fewer than one-half (44.7%) reported statistically significant improvements in adherence or persistence associated with the intervention; however, some pharmacist-directed programs, particularly those that integrated monitoring or routine follow-up with a provider, did demonstrate efficacy. CONCLUSION Although the development of adherence-promoting interventions for oral antineoplastic therapies has increased recently, few have been rigorously tested. The nascent literature suggests those that are pharmacist directed and use regular monitoring show promise, though additional prospective studies are needed. Study methodology, population selection, and potential challenges that may be encountered in the implementation and dissemination phases should be considered when developing new interventions to address nonadherence to oral antineoplastic treatment.

中文翻译：

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增强对口服抗肿瘤药物的依从性的干预措施：作用域回顾。

背景技术随着近年来新的靶向口服抗肿瘤治疗的出现，发展促进对癌症药物治疗方案的最佳依从性的有效策略的开发已成为重要的优先事项。方法我们进行了范围界定的文献综述，以搜索截至2019年7月15日发表的英语文章，以鉴定报告了测试和/或评估以改善对口服抗肿瘤药依从性的干预措施的研究。结果总共选择了56篇文章进行审查。在评估的研究中，有14个为随机试验。除两名目标成人患者外，所有干预措施。33项研究招募了不到100名患者。大多数干预措施以教育和咨询为基础，并以提供有关药物的信息和控制副作用的策略为中心。只有八项研究使用了mHealth工具和/或文本消息来针对不遵守行为。在具有比较样本的研究中，少于一半（44.7％）的研究报告了与干预相关的依从性或持久性的统计学显着改善；但是，一些药剂师指导的程序，尤其是那些与提供者进行监控或常规随访相结合的程序，确实证明了疗效。结论尽管最近口服抗肿瘤治疗的依从性促进干预措施的发展有所增加，但很少经过严格的测试。新生的文献表明，尽管需要其他前瞻性研究，但由药剂师指导并使用定期监测的方法有希望。研究方法，人口选择，