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Founder effects, post-introduction evolution and phenotypic plasticity contribute to invasion success of a genetically impoverished invader.
Oecologia ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04566-y
Zhi-Yong Liao 1, 2 , J F Scheepens 2 , Qiao-Ming Li 1 , Wei-Bin Wang 3 , Yu-Long Feng 3 , Yu-Long Zheng 1, 4
Affiliation  

Multiple mechanisms may act synergistically to promote success of invasive plants. Here, we tested the roles of three non-mutually exclusive mechanisms-founder effects, post-introduction evolution and phenotypic plasticity-in promoting invasion of Chromolaena odorata. We performed a common garden experiment to investigate phenotypic diversification and phenotypic plasticity of the genetically impoverished invader in response to two rainfall treatments (ambient and 50% rainfall). We used ancestor-descendant comparisons to determine post-introduction evolution and the QST-FST approach to estimate past selection on phenotypic traits. We found that eight traits differed significantly between plants from the invasive versus native ranges, for two of which founder effects can be inferred and for six of which post-introduction evolution can be inferred. The invader experienced strong diversifying selection in the invasive range and showed clinal variations in six traits along water and/or temperature gradients. These clinal variations are likely attributed to post-introduction evolution rather than multiple introductions of pre-adapted genotypes, as most of the clinal variations were absent or in opposite directions from those for native populations. Compared with populations, rainfall treatments explained only small proportions of total variations in all studied traits for plants from both ranges, highlighting the importance of heritable phenotypic differentiation. In addition, phenotypic plasticity was similar for plants from both ranges although neutral genetic diversity was much lower for plants from the invasive range. Our results showed that founder effects, post-introduction evolution and phenotypic plasticity may function synergistically in promoting invasion success of C. odorata.

中文翻译:

创始人效应,引入后的进化和表型可塑性有助于遗传贫困的入侵者成功入侵。

多种机制可以协同作用来促进入侵植物的成功。在这里,我们测试了三种非互斥机制,即创始人效应,引入后进化和表型可塑性在促进香椿菌入侵中的作用。我们进行了一项普通的花园实验,以调查两种降雨处理(环境和50%降雨)对遗传贫困入侵者的表型多样性和表型可塑性的影响。我们使用祖先后代比较来确定引入后的进化,并使用QST-FST方法来估计过去对表型性状的选择。我们发现,植物的八个性状与入侵性和自然性植物之间存在显着差异,可以推断出其中的两个创始人效应,而可以推断出六个后代进化。入侵者在入侵范围内经历了多种多样的选择,并沿着水和/或温度梯度表现出六个性状的渐进变化。这些临床变异可能归因于引进后的进化,而不是多次引入预先适应的基因型,因为大多数临床变异都不存在或与本地人群相反。与种群相比,降雨处理仅解释了这两个范围的植物在所有研究性状中总变异的一小部分,突出了可遗传表型分化的重要性。此外,这两个范围的植物的表型可塑性相似,尽管入侵范围的植物的中性遗传多样性要低得多。我们的结果表明,创始人的影响,
更新日期:2019-11-01
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