Abstract

This is the first investigation on the in vitro cytotoxicological and genotoxicological effects of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. fresh leaf juice, for establishing a safe and effective quantity for use. Peripheral blood of 6 healthy, non-addicted males between 20 and 25 years of age was used for toxicity assessment by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), mitotic index (MI), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus (CBMN) assays. The IC₅₀ of the leaf juice calculated by MTT assay was 155.1 µl. The 50 and70 µl of the juice concentrations were decided after standardization by MI and showed non-significant and significant decrease respectively when compared to control. The SCEs/Cell and SCEs/Chromosome were increased non-significantly (50 µl) and significantly (70 µl),while cell cycle proliferative index, Average generation time and Population doubling time values were non-significant for both doses when compared to the controls. In CBMN assay, the Cytokinesis block proliferation index, cytotoxicity, Micronuclei, Nuclear bud, Nucleoplasmic bridge frequencies and total DNA damage biomarkers showed non-significant changes for both 50 and 70 µl. The changes observed were significant only at 70 µl for MI and SCEs, which were significantly lower than that by positive control indicating a non genotoxic effect. Hence, the fresh leaf juice can be used pharmaceutically as well as traditionally, but for long durations and higher doses should be used with caution, as it can have mutagenic effect at particularly high levels.

摘要

这是对Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers的体外细胞毒理学和基因毒理学影响的首次调查。新鲜叶汁，用于确定安全有效的使用量。使用 3-(4, 5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) 的有丝分裂指数对 6 名 20 至 25 岁的健康、非成瘾男性的外周血进行毒性评估(MI)、姐妹染色单体交换 (SCE) 和细胞分裂阻断微核 (CBMN) 检测。IC ₅₀通过 MTT 法计算的叶汁的含量为 155.1 µl。通过 MI 标准化后确定 50 和 70 μl 的果汁浓度，与对照相比，分别显示不显着和显着降低。与对照组相比，两种剂量的 SCEs/细胞和 SCEs/染色体均不显着增加（50 µl）和显着增加（70 µl），而细胞周期增殖指数、平均生成时间和群体倍增时间值均不显着. 在 CBMN 测定中，细胞分裂阻断增殖指数、细胞毒性、微核、核芽、核质桥频率和总 DNA 损伤生物标志物在 50 和 70 μl 中均显示无显着变化。对于 MI 和 SCE，观察到的变化仅在 70 µl 时显着，显着低于阳性对照，表明无遗传毒性作用。因此，新鲜叶汁既可用于药物，也可用于传统方法，但应谨慎使用较长时间和较高剂量，因为它在特别高的水平上会产生诱变作用。