This brief review summarizes the current knowledge on sex differences in baroreflex function, with a major focus on studies in humans. It has been demonstrated that healthy women have blunted cardiovagal baroreflx sensitivity during a rapid (i.e., within seconds) hypertensive stimulus, but baroreflex sensitivity is similar between the sexes during a hypotensive stimulus. Normal aging decreases cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity and the rate of decline is similar in men and women. Cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity is reduced in pathological conditions such as hypertension and type II diabetes, and the reduction is greater in female patients than male patients. There is no clear sex difference in sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity among young individuals, however, with women of more advanced age, sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity decreases, which appears to be associated with greater arterial stiffness compared with similarly aged men. The blunted sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity in older women may predispose them to an increased prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

中文翻译：

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健康和疾病中压力反射功能的性别差异。

这篇简短的综述总结了有关压力反射功能中性别差异的当前知识，主要侧重于人类研究。已经证明，健康的妇女在快速（即几秒钟内）的高压刺激过程中使心形血管压力感受器敏感性减弱，但在降压刺激过程中，男女之间的压力感受器敏感性相似。正常的衰老会降低心动过压反射敏感性，并且男性和女性的下降速度相似。在诸如高血压和II型糖尿病的病理状况下，心动过压力反射敏感性降低，并且女性患者的降低幅度大于男性患者。年轻人之间的交感压力反射敏感性没有明显的性别差异，但是，随着年龄较大的女性，交感压力反射敏感性下降，与类似年龄的男性相比，这似乎与更大的动脉僵硬度有关。老年妇女交感神经反射压力减弱，可能使她们更容易患高血压和心血管疾病。