Disinhibited personality traits, such as impulsivity (IMP), excitement seeking (ES), and low harm avoidance (HA), are thought to reflect a basic vulnerability toward alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, the specific vulnerability mechanisms associated with each trait are not well understood and there are no studies of the association between disinhibited personality and drinking-related decisions. This study investigated individual differences in drinking-related decisions associated with each trait using a task that manipulated the effects of incentives and disincentives on decisions to attend and drink at different hypothetical drinking events in a sample of 430 young adults (237 men, 193 women, mean age 21.3 years), over 60% of whom had an AUD of varying severity. The results revealed each personality domain was differentially associated with different aspects of drinking decisions. Both IMP and low HA were associated with being more likely to decide to attend party events with moderate and high goal-related responsibility disincentives. We suggest that low HA is associated with reduced sensitivity to the negative consequences of not meeting a responsibility, while IMP is associated with increased discounting of future rewards (associated with meeting a responsibility) relative to the immediate reward of attending a party event. ES was associated with being more responsive to alcohol party incentives when making decisions about attending party events and deciding to drink more at events, with the highest reward potential suggesting that ES is related to a reward sensitivity decision bias. IMP appears to be associated with stronger approach that results in decisions to consume more alcohol regardless of context. The results suggest specific mechanisms by which different domains of disinhibited personality affect actual drinking-related decisions.

中文翻译：

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抑制性格，动机，抑制因素以及与饮酒有关的决定。

禁忌人格特质，例如冲动（IMP），寻求刺激（ES）和避免低伤害（HA），被认为反映了对饮酒障碍（AUD）的基本脆弱性。但是，与每个特质相关的特定脆弱性机制尚未得到很好的理解，也没有关于禁忌人格与饮酒相关决定之间关联的研究。这项研究使用一项任务来操纵激励和抑制因素对参加各种假设性饮酒事件并在不同假设性饮酒事件中进行决策的影响，从而调查了与每个性格相关的饮酒相关决策中的个体差异，该样本来自430名年轻人（237名男性，193名女性，平均年龄21.3岁），其中超过60％的人患有严重程度不同的AUD。结果显示，每个人格领域都与饮酒决策的不同方面相关。IMP和低HA都与更有可能决定参加具有中等和高度目标相关责任激励措施的聚会活动有关。我们建议，相对于参加聚会活动的即时奖励，低HA会使对不履行职责的负面影响的敏感性降低，而IMP则与未来奖励（与履行职责有关）的折扣降低有关。ES在做出有关参加聚会活动和决定在活动中饮酒的决定时，对酒后的激励反应更加敏感，最高的奖励潜力表明ES与奖励敏感性决策偏向有关。IMP似乎与更强的方法相关联，该方法导致无论情况如何都决定饮酒。结果提示了特定的机制，通过这些机制，不同的人格抑制域会影响实际的饮酒相关决策。