The interest of fluoroanilines in the environment is due to their extensive applications in industry and their low natural biodegradability. A pure bacterial strain capable of degrading 3-fluoroaniline (3-FA) as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated from a sequencing batch reactor operating for the treatment of 3-FA. The strain (designated as JF-3) was identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis as a member of the genus Rhizobium. When grown in 3-FA medium at concentrations of 100–700 mg/L, strain JF-3 almost completely removed 3-FA within 72 h. However, the obvious cell growth inhibition was observed in cultures treated with 3-FA concentrations greater than 500 mg/L. The degradation kinetics of 3-FA were consistent with Haldane’s model with the maximum degradation rate as 67.66 mg/(g dry cell h). The growth kinetics of strain JF-3 followed Andrew’s model with the maximum growth rate as 30.87 h⁻¹. Also, strain JF-3 was able to degrade 4-fluoroaniline, aniline, and catechol, but hardly grew on 2-fluoroaniline, 2,4-dfluoroaniline, 2,3,4-trifluoroaniline, 3-fluorocatechol, and 4-fluorocatechol. Additionally, it was able to grow over a wide pH range (pH 6–10), and also showed tolerance to salinity with lower than 1.0%. This result, in combination with the enzyme assays and analysis of metabolite intermediates, indicated an unconventional pathway for 3-fluoroaniline metabolism that involved conversion to 3-aminophenol and resorcinol by monooxygenase, and which was subsequently metabolized via the ortho-cleavage pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the utilization of 3-FA as a growth substrate by Rhizobium sp.

中文翻译：

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根瘤菌对3-氟苯胺的降解 JF-3。

氟苯胺对环境的兴趣是由于其在工业中的广泛应用和其低的自然生物降解性。从操作3-FA的测序分批反应器中分离出能够降解3-氟苯胺（3-FA）作为唯一碳和能量来源的纯细菌菌株。通过16S rRNA基因分析将该菌株（命名为JF-3）鉴定为根瘤菌属的成员。。当在浓度为100–700 mg / L的3-FA培养基中生长时，菌株JF-3在72小时内几乎完全去除了3-FA。但是，在用3-FA浓度大于500 mg / L处理的培养物中观察到明显的细胞生长抑制作用。3-FA的降解动力学与Haldane模型一致，最大降解速率为67.66 mg /（g干细胞h）。菌株JF-3的生长动力学遵循Andrew模型，最大生长速率为30.87 h ^-1。另外，菌株JF-3能够降解4-氟苯胺，苯胺和儿茶酚，但是几乎不生长在2-氟苯胺，2,4-二氟苯胺，2,3,4-三氟苯胺，3-氟邻苯二酚和4-氟邻苯二酚上。此外，它能够在很宽的pH范围（pH 6-10）内生长，并且对盐分的耐受性低于1.0％。该结果与酶分析和代谢物中间体的分析相结合，表明了3-氟苯胺代谢的非常规途径，涉及通过单加氧酶转化为3-氨基苯酚和间苯二酚，随后通过邻位裂解途径进行代谢。据我们所知，这是关于根瘤菌利用3-FA作为生长底物的第一份报告。