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Putative stem cells in the hemolymph and in the intestinal submucosa of the solitary ascidian Styela plicata.
EvoDevo ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-25 , DOI: 10.1186/s13227-019-0144-3
Juan Jiménez-Merino 1, 2 , Isadora Santos de Abreu 3, 4 , Laurel S Hiebert 1, 2 , Silvana Allodi 3, 4 , Stefano Tiozzo 5 , Cintia M De Barros 6 , Federico D Brown 1, 2, 7
Affiliation  

Background In various ascidian species, circulating stem cells have been documented to be involved in asexual reproduction and whole-body regeneration. Studies of these cell population(s) are mainly restricted to colonial species. Here, we investigate the occurrence of circulating stem cells in the solitary Styela plicata, a member of the Styelidae, a family with at least two independent origins of coloniality. Results Using flow cytometry, we characterized a population of circulating putative stem cells (CPSCs) in S. plicata and determined two gates likely enriched with CPSCs based on morphology and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. We found an ALDH + cell population with low granularity, suggesting a stem-like state. In an attempt to uncover putative CPSCs niches in S. plicata, we performed a histological survey for hemoblast-like cells, followed by immunohistochemistry with stem cell and proliferation markers. The intestinal submucosa (IS) showed high cellular proliferation levels and high frequency of undifferentiated cells and histological and ultrastructural analyses revealed the presence of hemoblast aggregations in the IS suggesting a possible niche. Finally, we document the first ontogenetic appearance of distinct metamorphic circulatory mesenchyme cells, which precedes the emergence of juvenile hemocytes. Conclusions We find CPSCs in the hemolymph of the solitary ascidian Styela plicata, presumably involved in the regenerative capacity of this species. The presence of proliferating and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells suggests IS as a possible niche.

中文翻译:

在孤立的海鞘 Styela plicata 的血淋巴和肠粘膜下层中的假定干细胞。

背景 在各种海鞘物种中,已证实循环干细胞参与无性繁殖和全身再生。对这些细胞群的研究主要限于殖民地物种。在这里,我们调查了孤立的 Styela plicata 中循环干细胞的发生,它是 Styelidae 的成员,该家族至少有两个独立的殖民起源。结果 使用流式细胞术,我们对 S. plicata 中的一组循环推定干细胞 (CPSC) 进行了表征,并根据形态学和醛脱氢酶 (ALDH) 活性确定了两个可能富含 CPSC 的门。我们发现了一个低粒度的 ALDH + 细胞群,表明存在干细胞样状态。为了揭示 S. plicata 中假定的 CPSCs 生态位,我们对造血细胞样细胞进行了组织学调查,其次是干细胞和增殖标志物的免疫组织化学。肠黏膜下层 (IS) 显示出高细胞增殖水平和高频率的未分化细胞,组织学和超微结构分析显示 IS 中存在成血细胞聚集,表明可能存在生态位。最后,我们记录了不同变质循环间充质细胞的第一次个体发育出现,这在幼年血细胞出现之前。结论 我们在孤立的海鞘 Styela plicata 的血淋巴中发现了 CPSC,可能与该物种的再生能力有关。增殖和未分化的间充质细胞的存在表明 IS 可能是一个生态位。肠黏膜下层 (IS) 显示出高细胞增殖水平和高频率的未分化细胞,组织学和超微结构分析显示 IS 中存在成血细胞聚集,表明可能存在生态位。最后,我们记录了不同变质循环间充质细胞的第一次个体发育出现,这在幼年血细胞出现之前。结论 我们在孤立的海鞘 Styela plicata 的血淋巴中发现了 CPSC,可能与该物种的再生能力有关。增殖和未分化的间充质细胞的存在表明 IS 可能是一个生态位。肠黏膜下层 (IS) 显示出高细胞增殖水平和高频率的未分化细胞,组织学和超微结构分析显示 IS 中存在成血细胞聚集,表明可能存在生态位。最后,我们记录了不同变质循环间充质细胞的第一次个体发育出现,这在幼年血细胞出现之前。结论 我们在孤立的海鞘 Styela plicata 的血淋巴中发现了 CPSC,可能与该物种的再生能力有关。增殖和未分化的间充质细胞的存在表明 IS 可能是一个生态位。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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