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Mechanical Stimulation of Growth Plate Chondrocytes: Previous Approaches and Future Directions
Experimental Mechanics ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s11340-018-0424-1
D Lee 1, 2 , A Erickson 2 , A T Dudley 2 , S Ryu 1, 3
Affiliation  

Growth plate cartilage resides near the ends of long bones and is the primary driver of skeletal growth. During growth, both intrinsically and extrinsically generated mechanical stresses act on chondrocytes in the growth plate. Although the role of mechanical stresses in promoting tissue growth and homeostasis has been strongly demonstrated in articular cartilage of the major skeletal joints, effects of stresses on growth plate cartilage and bone growth are not well established. Here, we review the literature on mechanobiology in growth plate cartilage at macroscopic and microscopic scales, with particular emphasis on comparison of results obtained using different methodological approaches, as well as from whole animal and in vitro experiments. To answer these questions, macroscopic mechanical stimulators have been developed and applied to study mechanobiology of growth plate cartilage and chondrocytes. However, the previous approaches have tested a limited number of stress conditions, and the mechanobiology of a single chondrocyte has not been well studied due to limitations of the macroscopic mechanical stimulators. We explore how microfluidics devices can overcome these limitations and improve current understanding of growth plate chondrocyte mechanobiology. In particular, microfluidic devices can generate multiple stress conditions in a single platform and enable real-time monitoring of metabolism and cellular behavior using optical microscopy. Systematic characterization of the chondrocytes using microfluidics will enhance our understanding of how to use mechanical stresses to control the bone growth and the properties of tissue-engineered growth plate cartilage.

中文翻译:

生长板软骨细胞的机械刺激:以前的方法和未来的方向

生长板软骨位于长骨末端附近,是骨骼生长的主要驱动力。在生长过程中,内在和外在产生的机械应力都会作用于生长板中的软骨细胞。尽管机械应力在促进组织生长和体内平衡方面的作用已在主要骨骼关节的关节软骨中得到有力证明,但应力对生长板软骨和骨骼生长的影响尚未完全确定。在这里,我们回顾了宏观和微观尺度上生长板软骨力学生物学的文献,特别强调了使用不同方法学方法以及整个动物和体外实验获得的结果的比较。要回答这些问题,宏观机械刺激器已被开发并应用于研究生长板软骨和软骨细胞的力学生物学。然而,以前的方法测试了有限数量的压力条件,并且由于宏观机械刺激器的局限性,单个软骨细胞的机械生物学尚未得到很好的研究。我们探索微流体装置如何克服这些限制并提高目前对生长板软骨细胞力学生物学的理解。特别是,微流体设备可以在单个平台中产生多种压力条件,并使用光学显微镜实时监测新陈代谢和细胞行为。
更新日期:2018-08-17
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