Macroautophagy (referred to here as autophagy) degrades and recycles cytoplasmic constituents to sustain cellular and mammalian metabolism and survival during starvation. Deregulation of autophagy is involved in numerous diseases, such as cancer. Cancers up-regulate autophagy and depend on it for survival, growth, and malignancy in a tumor cell-autonomous fashion. Recently, it has become apparent that autophagy in host tissues as well as the tumor cells themselves contribute to tumor growth. Understanding how autophagy regulates metabolism and tumor growth has revealed new essential tumor nutrients, where they come from, and how they are supplied and used, which can now be targeted for cancer therapy.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤和宿主自噬在癌症代谢中的作用。

巨自噬（在本文中称为自噬）降解并回收细胞质成分，以维持饥饿期间的细胞和哺乳动物新陈代谢以及存活。自噬的失调涉及多种疾病，例如癌症。癌症以自噬方式上调自噬并依赖其自生存，生长和恶性肿瘤。近来，已经变得明显的是，宿主组织中的自噬以及肿瘤细胞本身都有助于肿瘤的生长。了解自噬如何调节新陈代谢和肿瘤生长，揭示了新的重要肿瘤营养素，它们来自何处以及如何供应和使用，这些营养素现在可以用于癌症治疗。