PURPOSE Cross-sectional research suggests that thinking about multiple ways to reach goals (hope pathways) and the belief that one can reach them (hope agency) may be adaptive for lung cancer patients. We examined the between-person and within-person associations among aspects of hope agency and pathways thinking, daily fatigue, pain, and functional concerns (e.g., sense of independence, usefulness) among lung cancer patients during active treatment. METHODS Data from a daily diary study were used to examine relations among hope agency, hope pathways, fatigue, pain, and functional concern in 50 patients with advanced lung cancer. Participants were accrued from one outpatient cancer center and completed the study between 2014 and 2015. RESULTS Adjusting for covariates and the previous day's symptoms or concern, patients who engaged in higher pathways thinking reported lower daily symptoms, whereas those who engaged in higher agency thinking reported less functional concern. Within-person increases in pathways thinking were associated with less daily fatigue, pain, and functional concern; within-person increases in agency thinking were associated with less daily fatigue and pain. Models examining symptoms and concerns as predictors of hope suggested within-person increases in functional concern and fatigue and pain were related to lower agency and pathways thinking the same day. Patients with higher fatigue and pain did not report lower agency or pathways thinking, but patients with more functional concern did. CONCLUSIONS Increases in hope pathways thinking may be associated with lower symptoms and better functioning in lung cancer patients. This suggests that it is important to determine the efficacy of interventions that emphasize the pathways the component of hope.

中文翻译：

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肺癌患者与希望相关的目标认知和疲劳、疼痛和功能关注的日常经历。

目的 横断面研究表明，考虑多种实现目标的方法（希望途径）和相信可以实现目标的信念（希望机构）可能适用于肺癌患者。我们检查了肺癌患者在积极治疗期间的希望机构和路径思维、日常疲劳、疼痛和功能问题（例如，独立感、有用性）等方面的人与人之间和人与人之间的关联。方法 使用来自每日日记研究的数据来检查 50 名晚期肺癌患者的希望机构、希望途径、疲劳、疼痛和功能关注之间的关系。参与者来自一个门诊癌症中心，并在 2014 年至 2015 年期间完成了研究。结果调整协变量和前一天的症状或担忧，参与高级路径思考的患者报告的日常症状较少，而参与高级机构思考的患者报告的功能问题较少。内部路径思维的增加与日常疲劳、疼痛和功能问题的减少有关；个人内部机构思维的增加与日常疲劳和疼痛的减少有关。将症状和担忧作为希望的预测指标进行检查的模型表明，人体内功能性担忧、疲劳和疼痛的增加与当天较低的机构和思维路径有关。疲劳和疼痛程度较高的患者没有报告较低的代理或思维路径，但功能问题较多的患者有。结论 增加希望途径思维可能与肺癌患者症状减轻和功能改善有关。