Pertussis is resurgent in some countries, particularly those in which children receive acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines in early infancy and boosters later in life. Immunologic studies show that, whereas whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines orient the immune system toward Th1/Th17 responses, acellular pertussis vaccines orient toward Th1/Th2 responses. Although aP vaccines do provide protection during the first years of life, the change in T-cell priming results in waning effectiveness of aP as early as 2-3 years post-boosters. Although other factors, such as increased virulence of pertussis strains, better diagnosis, and better surveillance may play a role, the increase in pertussis appears to be the result of waning immunity. In addition, studies in baboon models, requiring confirmation in humans, show that aP is less able to prevent nasopharyngeal colonization of Bordetella pertussis than wP or natural infection.

中文翻译：

---

百日咳疫苗免疫性有什么问题？百日咳疫苗有效性下降的问题。

百日咳在某些国家特别流行，特别是那些儿童在婴儿早期就接受无细胞百日咳（aP）疫苗并在生命后期加强免疫的国家。免疫学研究表明，尽管全细胞百日咳（wP）疫苗可使免疫系统针对Th1 / Th17反应，而无细胞百日咳疫苗则针对Th1 / Th2反应。尽管aP疫苗确实在生命的最初几年提供了保护，但T细胞引发的变化导致aP最早在加强免疫后2-3年就减弱了。尽管其他因素（例如百日咳毒株的毒力增加，更好的诊断和更好的监视）可能起作用，但百日咳的增加似乎是免疫力下降的结果。此外，在狒狒模型中进行的研究需要在人类中进行确认，