The conservation of plant genetic resources is essential for breeding programs. Regarding the native species of the Brazilian Cerrado biome, many studies have demonstrated their high potential for use in both medicines and foods. Hymenaea stigonocarpa, a tree with wide occurrence in the Cerrado, has economic importance, and due its extractive use, the establishment of a breeding program is relevant for sustainable use and conservation. Thus, the first germplasm collection of the species was installed at the Federal University of Goiás (UFG). To know the magnitude of genetic variability and how it was distributed in the collection, 353 individuals, distributed in 119 families from 24 subpopulations collected in the Cerrado biome, were genotyped using capillary electrophoresis. Nine pairs of microsatellite markers were genotyped. The UFG germplasm collection showed a high level of genetic diversity (mean H¯e\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\bar{H}e$$\end{document} = 0.554) at the evaluated loci. By Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), a significant genetic structure was detected (θP = 0.152, p < 0.01), which was expected since the subpopulations that originated the germplasm collection were collected in geographically distant locations. In addition, the germplasm collection had a population effective size of 54.9 and presented an allelic representation of 79.89% compared to 32 natural subpopulations. These results demonstrate that the germplasm collection preserves a high genetic diversity of H. stigonocarpa with a population effective size considered sufficient for the conduction of a breeding program.

中文翻译：

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Hymenaea stigonocarpa（豆科）种质收集中的遗传变异性和有效种群规模：育种计划和遗传保护的工具

植物遗传资源的保护对于育种计划至关重要。关于巴西塞拉多生物群落的本地物种，许多研究表明它们在药物和食品中的应用潜力很大。Hymenaea stigonocarpa 是一种广泛存在于塞拉多的树木，具有重要的经济意义，并且由于其可提取用途，因此建立育种计划与可持续利用和保护相关。因此，该物种的第一个种质收集被安装在戈亚斯联邦大学 (UFG)。为了了解遗传变异的大小及其在集合中的分布情况，使用毛细管电泳对分布在 Cerrado 生物群落中 24 个亚群的 119 个家庭中的 353 个人进行了基因分型。九对微卫星标记进行了基因分型。UFG 种质收集显示出高度的遗传多样性（平均 H¯e\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \ usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\bar{H}e$$\end{document} = 0.554) 在评估的位点。通过分子方差分析 (AMOVA)，检测到显着的遗传结构（θP = 0.152，p < 0.01），这是预料之中的，因为起源种质收集的亚群是在地理上很远的地方收集的。此外，与 32 个自然亚群相比，种质资源的种群有效大小为 54.9，等位基因代表率为 79.89%。