In the wake of constant improvements in sequencing technologies, numerous insect genomes have been sequenced. Currently, 1219 insect genome‐sequencing projects have been registered with the National Center for Biotechnology Information, including 401 that have genome assemblies and 155 with an official gene set of annotated protein‐coding genes. Comparative genomics analysis showed that the expansion or contraction of gene families was associated with well‐studied physiological traits such as immune system, metabolic detoxification, parasitism and polyphagy in insects. Here, we summarize the progress of insect genome sequencing, with an emphasis on how this impacts research on pest control. We begin with a brief introduction to the basic concepts of genome assembly, annotation and metrics for evaluating the quality of draft assemblies. We then provide an overview of genome information for numerous insect species, highlighting examples from prominent model organisms, agricultural pests and disease vectors. We also introduce the major insect genome databases. The increasing availability of insect genomic resources is beneficial for developing alternative pest control methods. However, many opportunities remain for developing data‐mining tools that make maximal use of the available insect genome resources. Although rapid progress has been achieved, many challenges remain in the field of insect genomics.

中文翻译：

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昆虫基因组：进步与挑战。

随着测序技术的不断改进，已经对许多昆虫基因组进行了测序。目前，美国国家生物技术信息中心已注册了1219个昆虫基因组测序项目，包括401个具有基因组组装功能的项目和155个带有注释蛋白编码基因官方基因集的项目。比较基因组学分析表明，基因家族的扩展或收缩与昆虫的免疫系统，代谢排毒，寄生性和多噬性等经过充分研究的生理特征有关。在这里，我们总结了昆虫基因组测序的进展，重点是这如何影响对害虫控制的研究。我们首先简要介绍基因组装配的基本概念，注释和用于评估草图装配质量的度量。然后，我们提供了许多昆虫物种的基因组信息的概述，突出了来自著名模型生物，农业病虫害和病媒的示例。我们还介绍了主要的昆虫基因组数据库。昆虫基因组资源的日益增加对开发替代性害虫防治方法是有益的。但是，开发数据挖掘工具的机会仍然很多，这些工具可以最大程度地利用可用的昆虫基因组资源。尽管已经取得了快速的进展，但是在昆虫基因组学领域仍然存在许多挑战。昆虫基因组资源的日益增加对开发替代性害虫防治方法是有益的。但是，开发数据挖掘工具的机会仍然很多，这些工具可以最大程度地利用可用的昆虫基因组资源。尽管已经取得了快速的进展，但是在昆虫基因组学领域仍然存在许多挑战。昆虫基因组资源的日益增加对开发替代性害虫防治方法是有益的。但是，开发数据挖掘工具的机会仍然很多，这些工具可以最大程度地利用可用的昆虫基因组资源。尽管已经取得了快速的进展，但是在昆虫基因组学领域仍然存在许多挑战。