Abstract Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a common pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabales: Fabaceae), in North America requiring frequent scouting as part of an integrated pest management plan. Current scouting methods are time consuming and provide incomplete coverage of soybean. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are capable of collecting high-resolution imagery that offer more detailed coverage in agricultural fields than traditional scouting methods. Recently, it was documented that changes to the spectral reflectance of soybean canopies caused by aphid-induced stress could be detected from ground-based sensors; however, it remained unknown whether these changes could also be detected from UAV-based sensors. Small-plot trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 where cages were used to manipulate aphid populations. Additional open-field trials were conducted in 2018 where insecticides were used to create a gradient of aphid pressure. Whole-plant soybean aphid densities were recorded along with UAV-based multispectral imagery. Simple linear regressions were used to determine whether UAV-based multispectral reflectance was associated with aphid populations. Our findings indicate that near-infrared reflectance decreased with increasing soybean aphid populations in caged trials when cumulative aphid days surpassed the economic injury level, and in open-field trials when soybean aphid populations were above the economic threshold. These findings provide the first documentation of soybean aphid-induced stress being detected from UAV-based multispectral imagery and advance the use of UAVs for remote scouting of soybean aphid and other field crop pests.

中文翻译：

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使用无人机的多光谱图像检测大豆蚜虫（半翅目：蚜科）引起的压力

摘要 大豆蚜虫，甘氨酸松村蚜（半翅目：蚜科）是大豆的常见害虫 Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabales: Fabaceae)，在北美需要频繁侦察，作为综合害虫管理计划的一部分。当前的筛选方法非常耗时，并且不能完全覆盖大豆。无人机 (UAV) 能够收集高分辨率图像，与传统的侦察方法相比，这些图像在农田中提供了更详细的覆盖范围。最近，有记录表明，可以从地面传感器检测到由蚜虫引起的胁迫引起的大豆冠层光谱反射率的变化；然而，这些变化是否也可以从基于无人机的传感器中检测到仍然未知。2017 年和 2018 年进行了小块试验，其中使用笼子操纵蚜虫种群。2018 年进行了额外的露天试验，其中使用杀虫剂来产生蚜虫压力梯度。全株大豆蚜虫密度与基于无人机的多光谱图像一起记录。简单的线性回归用于确定基于无人机的多光谱反射率是否与蚜虫种群相关。我们的研究结果表明，在笼养试验中，当蚜虫累积天数超过经济伤害水平时，以及在大豆蚜虫种群高于经济阈值的露天试验中，近红外反射率随着大豆蚜虫种群的增加而降低。