Printing is a promising method to reduce the cost of fabricating biomedical devices. While there have been significant advancements in direct-write printing techniques, non-contact printing of biological reagents has been almost exclusively limited to inkjet printing. Motivated by this lacuna, this work investigated aerosol jet printing (AJP) of biological reagents onto a nonfouling polymer brush to fabricate in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assays. The ultrasonication ink delivery process, which had previously been reported to damage DNA molecules, caused no degradation of printed proteins, allowing printing of a streptavidin-biotin binding assay with sub-nanogram ml-1 analytical sensitivity. Furthermore, a carcinoembryogenic antigen IVD was printed and found to have sensitivities in the clinically relevant range (limit of detection of approximately 0.5 ng ml-1 and a dynamic range of approximately three orders of magnitude). Finally, the multi-material printing capabilities of the aerosol jet printer were demonstrated by printing silver nanowires and streptavidin as interconnected patterns in the same print job without removal of the substrate from the printer, which will facilitate the fabrication of mixed-material devices. As cost, versatility, and ink usage become more prominent factors in the development of IVDs, this work has shown that AJP should become a more widely considered technique for fabrication.

中文翻译：

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通过超声波传输对生物墨水进行气溶胶喷射印刷。

印刷是降低生物医学设备制造成本的一种有前途的方法。尽管直写打印技术取得了显着进步，但生物试剂的非接触式打印几乎完全局限于喷墨打印。受这一缺陷的启发，这项工作研究了将生物试剂气溶胶喷射打印（AJP）到防污聚合物刷上以进行体外诊断（IVD）测定。此前有报道称，超声波墨水输送过程会损坏 DNA 分子，但不会导致打印的蛋白质降解，从而可以打印具有亚纳克 ml-1 分析灵敏度的链霉亲和素-生物素结合测定。此外，还打印了癌胚抗原 IVD，并发现其灵敏度在临床相关范围内（检测限约为 0.5 ng ml-1，动态范围约为三个数量级）。最后，通过在同一打印作业中将银纳米线和链霉亲和素打印为互连图案来证明气溶胶喷射打印机的多材料打印能力，而无需从打印机中取出基材，这将有利于混合材料设备的制造。随着成本、多功能性和墨水使用成为 IVD 开发中更加突出的因素，这项工作表明 AJP 应成为一种更广泛考虑的制造技术。