Objectives

The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between serum glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and periodontal status in patients with periodontitis (CP) and periodontally healthy controls. Furthermore, the objectives were to determine if the periodontitis influenced the serum HbA1c levels.

Materials and methods

A total of 93 patients with CP and 95 periodontally healthy subjects were enrolled in the present study using a cross-sectional design. At baseline, patients were examined and characterized on a regular basis for blood serum parameters and non-fasting blood samples levels. In all patients, a full periodontal examination was performed and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was the primary outcome variable chosen. The spearman correlation, a stepwise multivariable linear regression, and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests were applied in order to assess the relationship between HbA1c levels and periodontitis.

Results

Patients in the CP group presented a significantly higher median serum level of HbA1c [40.9 (31.2; 45.6) mmol/mol)] compared to patients in the healthy control group [35.3 (29.6; 38.6) mmol/mol)] (p < 0.001). HbA1c levels were negatively correlated with the number of teeth and positively correlated with C-reactive protein levels and all periodontal parameters (p < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the number of teeth when HbA1c levels increased (P-trend < 0.001), while there was a significant increase in periodontal parameters (CAL, p = 0.002); PD, p = 0.008; BOP, p < 0.001) when levels of HbA1c increased.

Conclusions

Patients with CP and undiagnosed diabetes presented significantly higher serum levels of HbA1c compared to periodontally healthy controls. Moreover, the presence of periodontitis was positively correlated with serum HbA1c levels before diabetes onset.

Clinical relevance

HbA1c levels were positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis before diabetes onset.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病发作前牙周炎与糖基化血红蛋白之间的关联：一项横断面研究。

目标

本横断面研究的目的是研究牙周炎（CP）患者和牙周健康对照者的血清糖基化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平与牙周状态之间的关系。此外，目标是确定牙周炎是否影响血清HbA1c水平。

材料和方法

本研究共采用横断面设计方法，纳入了93名CP患者和95名牙周健康患者。在基线时，定期检查患者并确定其血清参数和非空腹血样水平。在所有患者中，均进行了完整的牙周检查，并且临床依从性丧失（CAL）是选择的主要结局变量。为了评估HbA1c水平与牙周炎之间的关系，采用了Spearman相关性，逐步多元线性回归和Jonckheere-Terpstra检验。

结果

与健康对照组的患者[35.3（29.6; 38.6）mmol / mol）相比，CP组的患者HbA1c的中位血清水平显着更高[40.9（31.2; 45.6）mmol / mol）]（p <0.001 ）。HbA1c水平与牙齿数量呈负相关，与C反应蛋白水平和所有牙周参数呈正相关（p <0.001）。此外，当HbA1c水平升高时，牙齿数量显着减少（P趋势<0.001），而牙周参数显着增加（CAL，p = 0.002）。PD，p = 0.008；当HbA1c水平升高时，BOP，p <0.001）。

结论

与牙周健康对照组相比，患有CP和未确诊糖尿病的患者血清HbA1c水平明显升高。此外，牙周炎的存在与糖尿病发作前血清HbA1c水平呈正相关。

临床相关性

HbA1c水平与糖尿病发作前牙周炎的严重程度呈正相关。