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Role of host genetic diversity for susceptibility-to-infection in the evolution of virulence of a plant virus†
Virus Evolution ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-01 , DOI: 10.1093/ve/vez024
Rubén González 1 , Anamarija Butković 1 , Santiago F Elena 1, 2
Affiliation  

Abstract Predicting viral emergence is difficult due to the stochastic nature of the underlying processes and the many factors that govern pathogen evolution. Environmental factors affecting the host, the pathogen and the interaction between both are key in emergence. In particular, infectious disease dynamics are affected by spatiotemporal heterogeneity in their environments. A broad knowledge of these factors will allow better estimating where and when viral emergence is more likely to occur. Here, we investigate how the population structure for susceptibility-to-infection genes of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana shapes the evolution of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). For doing so we have evolved TuMV lineages in two radically different host population structures: (1) a metapopulation subdivided into six demes (subpopulations); each one being composed of individuals from only one of six possible A. thaliana ecotypes and (2) a well-mixed population constituted by equal number of plants from the same six A. thaliana ecotypes. These two populations were evolved for twelve serial passages. At the end of the experimental evolution, we found faster adaptation of TuMV to each ecotype in the metapopulation than in the well-mixed heterogeneous host populations. However, viruses evolved in well-mixed populations were more pathogenic and infectious than viruses evolved in the metapopulation. Furthermore, the viruses evolved in the demes showed stronger signatures of local specialization than viruses evolved in the well-mixed populations. These results illustrate how the genetic diversity of hosts in an experimental ecosystem favors the evolution of virulence of a pathogen.

中文翻译:

宿主遗传多样性对感染易感性在植物病毒毒力进化中的作用†

摘要 由于潜在过程的随机性和控制病原体进化的许多因素,预测病毒出现很困难。影响宿主、病原体和两者之间相互作用的环境因素是出现的关键。特别是,传染病动态受到其环境中时空异质性的影响。对这些因素的广泛了解将有助于更好地估计病毒出现的时间和地点。在这里,我们研究了植物拟南芥感染易感基因的种群结构如何影响芜菁花叶病毒 (TuMV) 的进化。为此,我们在两个完全不同的宿主种群结构中进化出了 TuMV 谱系:(1)一个被细分为六个亚群(亚群)的元群;每一个都只由来自六个可能的拟南芥生态型中的一个的个体组成,以及 (2) 由相同数量的来自相同六个拟南芥生态型的植物构成的良好混合种群。这两个种群进化了 12 次连续传代。在实验进化结束时,我们发现与混合良好的异质宿主种群相比,TuMV 对复合种群中每个生态型的适应速度更快。然而,在混合种群中进化的病毒比在复合种群中进化的病毒更具致病性和传染性。此外,与在混合良好的种群中进化的病毒相比,在地区进化的病毒显示出更强的局部特化特征。这些结果说明了实验生态系统中宿主的遗传多样性如何有利于病原体毒力的进化。
更新日期:2019-07-01
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