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Preliminary evidence of biased attentional mechanisms and reward processing in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic ( IF 1.476 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-01 , DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2019.83.2.128
Jennifer L O'Brien 1 , Marni L Jacob 2 , Morgan King 3
Affiliation  

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive-disorder (OCD) may have difficulties in using feedback from rewarding and punishing experiences to optimally guide future decisions. The current aim was to examine how adults with OCD use associative learning feedback to direct attention toward learned stimuli when the action-outcome contingency for those stimuli has changed. Participants first learned to select high-probability (over low-probability) rewarding stimuli and low-probability (over high-probability) loss stimuli. Participants then saw these stimuli as the second of two targets in a task where available attentional resources were limited. Recognition of learned stimuli during limited attention was driven by previously learned stimulus-response associations instead of an attentional benefit toward the most favorable action-outcome associations (reward-associated stimuli), as demonstrated in prior research with non-OCD adults. The current evidence supports the hypothesis that individuals with OCD have difficulties shifting from learned stimulus-response associations when the response-outcome contingencies change.

中文翻译:

成年强迫症成年人的注意力机制和奖励过程有偏见的初步证据。

强迫症(OCD)的个体可能难以利用来自奖励和惩罚经验的反馈来最佳地指导未来的决策。当前的目标是研究当强迫症的成年人的活动结果偶然性发生变化时,他们如何利用联想学习反馈将注意力集中于学习的刺激。参与者首先学会了选择高概率(超过低概率)的奖励刺激和低概率(超过高概率)的损失刺激。然后,参与者将这些刺激视为一项任务的两个目标中的第二个,而该任务的可用注意力资源有限。如先前对非OCD成人的研究所证明的那样,对有限注意力期间学习的刺激的认知是由先前学习的刺激-反应联想驱动的,而不是对最有利的行动结果联想(与奖励相关的激励)的注意力收益。当前的证据支持这样的假设:当反应结果的意外事件发生变化时,强迫症患者很难从学习的刺激-反应关联中转移出来。
更新日期:2019-06-01
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