Neonatal hypertension is increasingly recognized as dramatic improvements in neonatal intensive care, advancements in our understanding of neonatal physiology, and implementation of new therapies have led to improved survival of premature infants. A variety of factors appear to be important in determining blood pressure in neonates, including gestational age, birth weight, and postmenstrual age. Normative data on neonatal blood pressure values remain limited. The cause of hypertension in an affected neonate is often identified with careful diagnostic evaluation, with the most common causes being umbilical catheter-associated thrombosis, renal parenchymal disease, and chronic lung disease. Clinical expertise may need to be relied upon to decide the best approach to treatment in such patients, as data on the use of antihypertensive medications in this age group are extremely limited. Available data suggest that long-term outcomes are usually good, with resolution of hypertension in most infants. In this review, we will take a case-based approach to illustrate these concepts and to point out important evidence gaps that need to be addressed so that management of neonatal hypertension may be improved.

中文翻译：

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新生儿高血压：病例，原因和临床方法。

新生儿高血压日益被认为是新生儿重症监护的显着改善，我们对新生儿生理学的了解的进步以及新疗法的实施已导致早产儿的存活率提高。各种因素在确定新生儿血压中似乎很重要，包括胎龄，出生体重和月经后年龄。关于新生儿血压值的规范数据仍然有限。经常通过仔细的诊断评估来确定患儿新生儿高血压的原因，最常见的原因是脐带导管相关的血栓形成，肾实质疾病和慢性肺病。可能需要依靠临床专业知识来决定此类患者的最佳治疗方法，因为该年龄段使用降压药的数据非常有限。现有数据表明，长期结果通常是好的，大多数婴儿的高血压都可以缓解。在这篇综述中，我们将采用基于案例的方法来说明这些概念，并指出需要解决的重要证据空白，以便改善新生儿高血压的管理。