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Odor-Specific Deactivation Defects in a Drosophila Odorant-Binding Protein Mutant.
GENETICS ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-1 , DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302629
Elizabeth A Scheuermann 1 , Dean P Smith 2, 3
Affiliation  

Insect odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are a large, diverse group of low-molecular weight proteins secreted into the fluid bathing olfactory and gustatory neuron dendrites. The best-characterized OBP, LUSH (OBP76a) enhances pheromone sensitivity enabling detection of physiological levels of the male-specific pheromone, 11-cis vaccenyl acetate. The role of the other OBPs encoded in the Drosophila genome is largely unknown. Here, using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9, we generated and characterized the loss-of-function phenotype for two genes encoding homologous OBPs, OS-E (OBP83b) and OS-F (OBP83a). Instead of activation defects, these extracellular proteins are required for normal deactivation of odorant responses to a subset of odorants. Remarkably, odorants detected by the same odorant receptor are differentially affected by the loss of the OBPs, revealing an odorant-specific role in deactivation kinetics. In stark contrast to lush mutants, the OS-E/F mutants have normal activation kinetics to the affected odorants, even at low stimulus concentrations, suggesting that these OBPs are not competing for these ligands with the odorant receptors. We also show that OS-E and OS-F are functionally redundant as either is sufficient to revert the mutant phenotype in transgenic rescue experiments. These findings expand our understanding of the roles of OBPs to include the deactivation of odorant responses.

中文翻译:

果蝇气味结合蛋白突变体的气味特异性失活缺陷。

昆虫气味结合蛋白(OBP)是一大类多样化的低分子量蛋白质,分泌到沐浴在液体中的嗅觉和味觉神经元树突中。最具特色的 OBP LUSH (OBP76a) 可增强信息素敏感性,从而能够检测男性特异性信息素 11-cis vaccenylacetate 的生理水平。果蝇基因组中编码的其他 OBP 的作用很大程度上未知。在这里,使用成簇的规则间隔的短回文重复序列/Cas9,我们生成并表征了编码同源 OBP 的两个基因 OS-E (OBP83b) 和 OS-F (OBP83a) 的功能丧失表型。这些细胞外蛋白不是激活缺陷,而是对一部分气​​味剂的气味反应的正常失活所必需的。值得注意的是,由相同气味受体检测到的气味剂受到 OBP 损失的不同影响,揭示了失活动力学中气味剂特异性的作用。与 lush 突变体形成鲜明对比的是,OS-E/F 突变体对受影响的气味剂具有正常的激活动力学,即使在低刺激浓度下也是如此,这表明这些 OBP 不会与气味受体竞争这些配体。我们还表明 OS-E 和 OS-F 在功能上是冗余的,因为它们都足以在转基因拯救实验中恢复突变表型。这些发现扩展了我们对 OBP 作用的理解,包括使气味反应失活。
更新日期:2021-05-08
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