Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) are an important resource for mapping genes controlling complex traits in many species. While RIL populations have been developed for maize, a maize RIL population with multiple teosinte inbred lines as parents has been lacking. Here, we report a teosinte nested association mapping (TeoNAM) population, derived from crossing five teosinte inbreds to the maize inbred line W22. The resulting 1257 BC1S4 RILs were genotyped with 51,544 SNPs, providing a high-density genetic map with a length of 1540 cM. On average, each RIL is 15% homozygous teosinte and 8% heterozygous. We performed joint linkage mapping (JLM) and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 22 domestication and agronomic traits. A total of 255 QTL from JLM were identified, with many of these mapping near known genes or novel candidate genes. TeoNAM is a useful resource for QTL mapping for the discovery of novel allelic variation from teosinte. TeoNAM provides the first report that PROSTRATE GROWTH1, a rice domestication gene, is also a QTL associated with tillering in teosinte and maize. We detected multiple QTL for flowering time and other traits for which the teosinte allele contributes to a more maize-like phenotype. Such QTL could be valuable in maize improvement.

中文翻译：

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TeoNAM：玉米驯化和农艺性状分析群体映射的嵌套关联。

重组自交系 (RIL) 是绘制控制许多物种复杂性状的基因图谱的重要资源。虽然已经为玉米开发了 RIL 群体，但一直缺乏以多个类蜀黍自交系作为亲本的玉米 RIL 群体。在这里，我们报告了类蜀黍嵌套关联作图（TeoNAM）群体，该群体源自将五个类蜀黍自交系与玉米自交系 W22 杂交。由此产生的 1257 个 BC1S4 RIL 通过 51,544 个 SNP 进行了基因分型，提供了长度为 1540 cM 的高密度遗传图谱。平均而言，每个 RIL 含有 15% 的大蜀黍纯合子和 8% 的杂合子。我们对 22 种驯化和农艺性状进行了联合连锁图谱 (JLM) 和全基因组关联研究 (GWAS)。JLM 总共鉴定了 255 个 QTL，其中许多映射在已知基因或新候选基因附近。TeoNAM 是 QTL 定位的有用资源，可用于发现类蜀黍的新型等位基因变异。TeoNAM 首次报道水稻驯化基因 PROSTRATE GROWTH1 也是大蜀黍和玉米分蘖相关的 QTL。我们检测到了开花时间和其他性状的多个 QTL，大蜀黍等位基因有助于形成更像玉米的表型。这种QTL对于玉米改良很有价值。